原汁英語 | 強大的VOA，時事&語法雙雙get√
今天我們來看一篇時事文章，同學們可能平時對政治問題了解的不太深入，也不太care about that. 但是作為即將赴美的留學生，一些熱點還是要掌握的哦。下面我們一起來看一下美國2大總統候選人的立場對比吧。
【原文&譯文】
Clinton, Trump are a Study in Contrasts
柯林頓和川普的立場對比
American businessman Donald Trump and former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton are likely to face each other in the U.S. presidential election this year.
美國商人唐納德·川普（Donald Trump）和前國務卿希拉里·柯林頓（Hillary Clinton）可能要在今年的總統選舉中狹路相逢。
Both candidates call New York State their home. But that might be the only thing they have in common.
兩位選舉人都稱紐約州是自己的家。但是這也許是他們唯一的共同點。
Donald Trump came from a wealthy family. He is known for building hotels and casinos around the world.
川普來自一個富裕家庭，他因為在世界各地建造酒店和賭場而聞名世界。
The businessman says that the U.S. political system is broken and it will take a non-politician like himself to fix it. Trump has never held political office. He is known for his promise to "make America great again."
這位商人表示，美國的政治體制已經破碎，需要一位像他這樣的非政治家來挽救它。川普從未擔任過政治職務。他因為想「讓美國再次強大起來」而為人熟知。
Trump is the likely presidential candidate of the Republican Party. But he has had difficulty getting the support of the party"s conservatives.
川普可能是共和黨總統候選人。但是他一直難以得到黨內保守派的支持。
On Thursday, Paul Ryan, the Speaker of the House of Representatives, said he is "not ready" to support Trump as the nominee. Ryan was the party"s choice for vice president four years ago.
上周四，眾議院議長保羅·瑞安（Paul Ryan）表示，他「還沒準備好」支持川普作為被提名人。瑞安四年前在黨內是作為副總統人選。
Hillary Clinton grew up in a middle class family near Chicago. She has a lot of experience in politics. She has been a lawyer, a professor, activist, former First Lady, former U.S. Senator and former Secretary of State. Clinton now is campaigning to become the first woman president in U.S. history.
柯林頓在芝加哥的一家中產階級家庭長大。她政治經驗豐富。她做過律師、教授、活動家、前第一夫人、前參議員以及前國務卿。柯林頓現在正在競選成為美國歷史上第一位女總統。
Her last remaining opponent for the Democratic Party nomination, Vermont Senator Bernie Sanders, continues his campaign against her. He has gained surprisingly strong support from young Democratic voters.
她角逐民主黨提名的最後一個對手是佛蒙特州參議員伯尼·桑德斯（Bernie Sanders）。桑德斯還在繼續與她競爭。他意外獲得了民主黨年輕選民的強勁支持。
On National Security
國家安全方面
The experiences of Clinton and Trump have shaped their ideas about America"s place in the world.
柯林頓和川普的經歷塑造了他們對美國在世界中的地位的看法。
After the San Bernardino, California terror attacks of December 2015, Trump suggested banning all Muslims from entering the United States. Trump has said he supports the use of waterboarding when U.S. agents question suspected terrorists. He also supports the bulk collection of information on Americans" telephone data.
在2015年12月加州聖貝納迪諾恐怖襲擊之後，川普建議禁止所有穆斯林進入美國。川普還表示支持美國在審問恐怖分子嫌時使用水刑。他還支持批量採集美國人的電話數據。
Recently, Trump questioned whether the North Atlantic Treaty Organization is "obsolete." And, he has said he wanted American allies like Japan and South Korea to pay more for their share of defense costs.
日前，川普質疑北大西洋公約組織是否「過時」。他還表示希望像日本和韓國等美國盟友更多承擔他們國防費用的份額。
Clinton said the United States should accept 65,000 refugees from Syria. But, she wants more careful screenings of travelers from countries where terrorists are active.
柯林頓表示，美國應該接收65000名敘利亞難民。但是她希望對來自恐怖分子活躍國家的旅客進行更仔細地篩查。
She supports the closing of the Guantanamo Bay detention center in Cuba and the banning of interrogation methods like waterboarding. She also has called for strengthening existing ties with American allies in Europe and Asia to contain Russian and Chinese influence.
她支持關閉古巴關塔那摩拘留中心，並禁止水刑等審訊方法。她還呼籲加強同歐洲和亞洲的美國盟友的既有關係以遏制俄羅斯和中國的影響力。
On Diplomacy
外交方面
Both Clinton and Trump support a stronger U.S. military presence in East and Southeast Asia to answer China"s influence. At the same time, both candidates want China to use its influence in dealing with nuclear-armed North Korea.
柯林頓和川普都支持在東亞和東南亞加強美國的軍事存在以回應中國的影響力。同時，兩位候選人都希望中國用它的影響力來處理核武化的朝鮮。
As for Russia, Trump said that he "would probably get along with (Russian President Vladimir Putin) very well." Putin, in return, praised Trump as "a bright and talented person."
至於俄羅斯，川普表示，他「可能會與俄羅斯總統普京相處融洽」。作為回應，普京稱讚川普是聰明又有才華的人」。
The two candidates have different ideas about the nuclear arms agreement with Iran. Trump calls it a "terrible" deal. He says it threatens Israel, an American ally, and opposes the lifting of sanctions against Iran.
對於和伊朗簽訂的核武器協議，兩位候選人意見不一。川普說這是一個可怕的交易。他說，這威脅到了美國的盟友以色列，並反對解除對伊朗實施的制裁。
Clinton supports the Iran nuclear agreement, but says she will punish Iran for any violations.
柯林頓支持伊朗核協議，但她表示會因任何違背之舉來懲罰伊朗。
On Immigration
移民方面
Stopping illegal immigration is a central issue in Trump"s campaign. The businessman wants to build a wall along the U.S. border with Mexico to keep out illegal immigrants. As for illegal immigrants already in the U.S., Trump wants to expel them. He also is calling for limits on the guest workers visa program and ending birthright citizenship.
阻止非法移民是川普競選的中心議題。川普希望沿美國和墨西哥邊境修一堵牆來阻止非法移民。至於已經在美國的非法移民，川普想把他們驅逐出境。他還呼籲限制外籍勞工簽證計劃，並終止出生公民權。
Clinton says immigration is an economic and "a family issue." She supports new legislation to provide a path to U.S. citizenship for more than 11 million undocumented immigrants.
柯林頓表示，移民是一門經濟問題，也是一項家庭問題。她支持制定新的法律來提供一條為1100多萬非法移民成為美國公民的途徑。
On Trade Partnerships
貿易夥伴關係
As Obama"s secretary of state, Clinton supported the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) trade agreement. She considered it an important part of the administration"s "pivot to Asia" policy. However, as a candidate, Clinton opposes the trade deal and says it will not create jobs for Americans.
作為奧巴馬的國務卿，柯林頓支持跨太平洋夥伴關係貿易協定。她認為這是政府「重返亞洲」政策的一個重要組成部分。然而，作為候選人，柯林頓反對這一貿易協定，並表示這不能為美國人創造就業。
Trump says he supports free trade, but has opposed several free-trade agreements. He called the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) a "disaster." He says the TPP helps China, Japan and big businesses, but not American workers. Trump wants to punish China for unfair trade actions. He calls China a currency manipulator and wants to tighten rules on theft of intellectual property.
川普表示，他支持自由貿易，但他反對一些自由貿易協定。他說所謂的北美自由貿易協定是一場災難。他說跨太平洋夥伴關係有利於中國、日本和大企業，但是無助於美國工人。川普要懲罰中國的不公平貿易行為。他稱中國為匯率操縱國，並希望加強對侵犯知識產權的規定。
On Energy and Environment
能源和環境
Trump says climate change is not a problem and wants to reduce the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. He says the Obama administration has wasted billions of dollars on "green" energy programs.
川普表示，氣候變化不是什麼問題，並希望縮減美國環境保護局。他說奧巴馬政府已經在綠色能源項目上浪費了數十億美元。
Trump calls for removing carbon emission limits in the U.S. He also supports expanding hydro-fracking oil drilling methods to increase oil production and reduce U.S. dependence on oil imports.
川普要求去除美國的碳排放限制。他還支持擴大發展水力壓裂石油鑽探法以提高石油產量，減少美國對進口石油的依賴。
Clinton says she wants to make the U.S. "the world"s clean energy superpower." She says she will honor the Paris agreement to limit global carbon gas emissions and expand U.S. investment in "green" energy. Clinton opposes oil drilling in the Arctic areas of Alaska and the building of the Keystone pipeline across the U.S. Midwest.
柯林頓表示，她希望把美國打造成世界清潔能源超級大國。她說，她將履行巴黎協定限制全球二氧化碳氣體的排放量，並擴大美國在綠色能源上的投資。柯林頓反對在北極地區的阿拉斯加進行石油鑽探，也反對建造穿越美國中西北的基石管道項目。
【實戰應用】
01 辭彙解析
middle class family n. 中產階級家庭
casino n. 賭場
waterboarding n. 水刑
refugees n. 難民
terrorists n. 恐怖分子
expel n. 驅逐
birthright citizenship n. 出生公民權
obsolete adj. 過時的
oppose v. 反對
02 句型解析
讀完整篇文章，同學們是不是覺得有些句子不好理解？接下來我就為大家解析一下比較難的兩個：
1. Trump suggested banning all Muslims from entering the United States.
【譯文】在2015年12月加州聖貝納迪諾恐怖襲擊之後，川普建議禁止所有穆斯林進入美國。
【解析】suggest doing sth句型，建議做某事。
在這裡提醒大家一句，沒有suggest to do sth這個句式，但是suggest後面確實可以跟TO但是to這時是介詞，後面要跟賓語，具體用法是：suggest+名詞/代詞+to+人。如：we suggest the plan to him。
2. She considered it an important part of the administration"s "pivot to Asia" policy.
【譯文】她認為這是政府「重返亞洲」政策的一個重要組成部分。
【解析】consider A B 雙賓語結構，認為A是B
03 寫作詞句
小編從文中找出一些適合放在寫作中的詞句，希望對大家有所幫助。
1. have sth in common 在…有共同點
2. be known for 因…而出名
3. call for 呼籲
4. As for 至於…
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