All Nobel Prizes in Physics歷年諾貝爾物理獎（上）
歷年諾貝爾物理獎（上）
All Nobel Prizes in Physics
The Nobel Prize in Physics has been awarded 111 times to 207 Nobel Laureates between 1901 and 2017. John Bardeen is the only Nobel Laureate who has been awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics twice, in 1956 and 1972. This means that a total of 206 individuals have received the Nobel Prize in Physics.
1
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2017
Rainer Weiss, Barry C. Barish and Kip S. Thorne
"for decisive contributions to the LIGO detector and the observation of gravitational waves"
2
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2016
David J. Thouless, F. Duncan M. Haldane and J. Michael Kosterlitz
"for theoretical discoveries of topological phase transitions and topological phases of matter"
3
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2015
Takaaki Kajita and Arthur B. McDonald
"for the discovery of neutrino oscillations, which shows that neutrinos have mass"
4
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2014
Isamu Akasaki, Hiroshi Amano and Shuji Nakamura
"for the invention of efficient blue light-emitting diodes which has enabled bright and energy-saving white light sources"
5
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2013
Fran?ois Englert and Peter W. Higgs
"for the theoretical discovery of a mechanism that contributes to our understanding of the origin of mass of subatomic particles, and which recently was confirmed through the discovery of the predicted fundamental particle, by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at CERN s Large Hadron Collider"
6
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2012
Serge Haroche and David J. Wineland
"for ground-breaking experimental methods that enable measuring and manipulation of individual quantum systems"
7
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2011
Saul Perlmutter, Brian P. Schmidt and Adam G. Riess
"for the discovery of the accelerating expansion of the Universe through observations of distant supernovae"
8
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2010
Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov
"for groundbreaking experiments regarding the two-dimensional material graphene"
9
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2009
Charles Kuen Kao
"for groundbreaking achievements concerning the transmission of light in fibers for optical communication"
Willard S. Boyle and George E. Smith
"for the invention of an imaging semiconductor circuit - the CCD sensor"
10
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2008
Yoichiro Nambu
"for the discovery of the mechanism of spontaneous broken symmetry in subatomic physics"
Makoto Kobayashi and Toshihide Maskawa
"for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature"
11
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2007
Albert Fert and Peter Grünberg
"for the discovery of Giant Magnetoresistance"
12
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2006
John C. Mather and George F. Smoot
"for their discovery of the blackbody form and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation"
13
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2005
Roy J. Glauber
"for his contribution to the quantum theory of optical coherence"
John L. Hall and Theodor W. H?nsch
"for their contributions to the development of laser-based precision spectroscopy, including the optical frequency comb technique"
14
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2004
David J. Gross, H. David Politzer and Frank Wilczek
"for the discovery of asymptotic freedom in the theory of the strong interaction"
15
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2003
Alexei A. Abrikosov, Vitaly L. Ginzburg and Anthony J. Leggett
"for pioneering contributions to the theory of superconductors and superfluids"
16
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2002
Raymond Davis Jr. and Masatoshi Koshiba
"for pioneering contributions to astrophysics, in particular for the detection of cosmic neutrinos"
Riccardo Giacconi
"for pioneering contributions to astrophysics, which have led to the discovery of cosmic X-ray sources"
17
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2001
Eric A. Cornell, Wolfgang Ketterle and Carl E. Wieman
"for the achievement of Bose-Einstein condensation in dilute gases of alkali atoms, and for early fundamental studies of the properties of the condensates"
18
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2000
"for basic work on information and communication technology"
Zhores I. Alferov and Herbert Kroemer
"for developing semiconductor heterostructures used in high-speed- and opto-electronics"
Jack S. Kilby
"for his part in the invention of the integrated circuit"
19
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1999
Gerardus t Hooft and Martinus J.G. Veltman
"for elucidating the quantum structure of electroweak interactions in physics"
20
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1998
Robert B. Laughlin, Horst L. St?rmer and Daniel C. Tsui
"for their discovery of a new form of quantum fluid with fractionally charged excitations"
21
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1997
Steven Chu, Claude Cohen-Tannoudji and William D. Phillips
"for development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light"
22
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1996
David M. Lee, Douglas D. Osheroff and Robert C. Richardson
"for their discovery of superfluidity in helium-3"
23
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1995
"for pioneering experimental contributions to lepton physics"
Martin L. Perl
"for the discovery of the tau lepton"
Frederick Reines
"for the detection of the neutrino"
24
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1994
"for pioneering contributions to the development of neutron scattering techniques for studies of condensed matter"
Bertram N. Brockhouse
"for the development of neutron spectroscopy"
Clifford G. Shull
"for the development of the neutron diffraction technique"
25
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1993
Russell A. Hulse and Joseph H. Taylor Jr.
"for the discovery of a new type of pulsar, a discovery that has opened up new possibilities for the study of gravitation"
26
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1992
Georges Charpak
"for his invention and development of particle detectors, in particular the multiwire proportional chamber"
27
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1991
Pierre-Gilles de Gennes
"for discovering that methods developed for studying order phenomena in simple systems can be generalized to more complex forms of matter, in particular to liquid crystals and polymers"
28
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1990
Jerome I. Friedman, Henry W. Kendall and Richard E. Taylor
"for their pioneering investigations concerning deep inelastic scattering of electrons on protons and bound neutrons, which have been of essential importance for the development of the quark model in particle physics"
29
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1989
Norman F. Ramsey
"for the invention of the separated oscillatory fields method and its use in the hydrogen maser and other atomic clocks"
Hans G. Dehmelt and Wolfgang Paul
"for the development of the ion trap technique"
30
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1988
Leon M. Lederman, Melvin Schwartz and Jack Steinberger
"for the neutrino beam method and the demonstration of the doublet structure of the leptons through the discovery of the muon neutrino"
31
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1987
J. Georg Bednorz and K. Alexander Müller
"for their important break-through in the discovery of superconductivity in ceramic materials"
32
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1986
Ernst Ruska
"for his fundamental work in electron optics, and for the design of the first electron microscope"
Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer
"for their design of the scanning tunneling microscope"
33
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1985
Klaus von Klitzing
"for the discovery of the quantized Hall effect"
34
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1984
Carlo Rubbia and Simon van der Meer
"for their decisive contributions to the large project, which led to the discovery of the field particles W and Z, communicators of weak interaction"
35
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1983
Subramanyan Chandrasekhar
"for his theoretical studies of the physical processes of importance to the structure and evolution of the stars"
William Alfred Fowler
"for his theoretical and experimental studies of the nuclear reactions of importance in the formation of the chemical elements in the universe"
36
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1982
Kenneth G. Wilson
"for his theory for critical phenomena in connection with phase transitions"
37
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1981
Nicolaas Bloembergen and Arthur Leonard Schawlow
"for their contribution to the development of laser spectroscopy"
Kai M. Siegbahn
"for his contribution to the development of high-resolution electron spectroscopy"
38
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1980
James Watson Cronin and Val Logsdon Fitch
"for the discovery of violations of fundamental symmetry principles in the decay of neutral K-mesons"
39
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1979
Sheldon Lee Glashow, Abdus Salam and Steven Weinberg
"for their contributions to the theory of the unified weak and electromagnetic interaction between elementary particles, including, inter alia, the prediction of the weak neutral current"
40
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1978
Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa
"for his basic inventions and discoveries in the area of low-temperature physics"
Arno Allan Penzias and Robert Woodrow Wilson
"for their discovery of cosmic microwave background radiation"
to be continued
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