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哥大教授約阿希姆·弗蘭克獲得2017年諾貝爾化學獎

2017 Nobel Prize in Chemistry Awarded to Prof. Joachim Frank

哥倫比亞大學舉辦約阿希姆·弗蘭克教授諾獎獲獎座談,哥大校長李·C·布林格博士與哥大醫學中心執行長李·戈德曼博士致賀詞

2017年10月4日,瑞典皇家科學院公布,2017年諾貝爾化學獎由哥倫比亞大學教授約阿希姆·弗蘭克博士,瑞士洛桑大學教授雅克·杜博謝博士,以及英國劍橋大學分子生物學實驗室科學家理查德·亨德森博士共同獲得

截至2017年,哥倫比亞大學的校友、教授、教員、研究員、助教與管理者中共產生了83位諾貝爾獎獲得者

具體名單請訪問:

http://www.columbia.edu/content/nobel-laureates.html

哥倫比亞大學祝賀生化與分子生物物理學及生命科學教授約阿希姆·弗蘭克(Joachim Frank)博士,因「開發用於對溶液中的生物分子進行高解析度結構測定的冷凍電鏡技術」,與理查德·亨德森(Richard Henderson)雅克·杜伯謝(Jacques Dubochet)共同獲得2017年諾貝爾化學獎

Columbia University congratulatesJoachim Frank, PhD, professor of biochemistry and molecular biophysics and of biological sciences, a winner ofthe Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2017, shared withRichard HendersonandJacques Dubochet"for developing cryo-electron microscopy for the high-resolution structure determination of biomolecules in solution."

約阿希姆·弗蘭克(Joachim Frank)博士哥倫比亞大學醫學中心(CUMC)生物化學與分子生物物理學教授,哥倫比亞大學生命科學教授。弗蘭克博士是冷凍電鏡研發領域的開拓者之一,該技術用於在高解析度下呈現有機大分子的結構。

Joachim Frank, PhD, is a professor of biochemistry and molecular biophysics atColumbia University Medical Centerand biological sciences atColumbia University. Dr. Frank helped pioneer the development of cryo-electron microscopy, a technique used to reveal the structures of large organic molecules at high resolution.

弗蘭克博士開發了從上千張生物分子二維圖片中重建其三維立體形狀的必要演算法。目前,多數使用電子顯微鏡的結構生物學家都會使用該演算法(進行科學研究)。

Dr. Frank developed the necessary computational methods for reconstructing the three-dimensional shape of biological molecules from thousands of two-dimensional images of molecules, methods employed today by most structural biologists who use electron microscopy.

冷凍電鏡技術被結構生物學家廣泛應用於研究細胞內驅動蛋白質合成的分子過程。利用該技術,弗蘭克博士獲得了關於細胞內核糖體(作為細胞內「工廠」的複合分子)與其他蛋白質相互作用的重要發現。在2013年發表在《自然》(Nature)上的論文中,弗蘭克博士發現了引發非洲昏睡病的寄生蟲內核糖體的獨特細節,這將有利於該疾病的新葯研發。同年後期,在另一篇發表在《自然》的論文中,他揭示了病毒RNA(核糖核酸)如何通過控制宿主細胞的核糖體製造新的病毒。

Cryo-electron microscopyis commonly used by structural biologists to study the molecular processes inside cells that drive protein synthesis. Using this technique, Dr. Frank has made important discoveries about the interactions between ribosomes (complex molecules that serve as the factories of the cell) and other proteins in the cell. In a 2013paperinNature, Dr. Frank uncovered unique details about ribosomes from the parasite that causes African sleeping sickness that could lead to the development of new drugs for this disease. In anotherNaturepaperlater that year, he revealed how viral RNA commandeers the ribosome of the virus s host to produce new viruses.

弗蘭克博士生於二戰時期的德國。他於德國弗萊堡大學獲得物理學學士,並於德國慕尼黑大學獲得碩士學位。之後弗蘭克博士在慕尼黑理工大學獲得物理學博士學位,並在該校擔任教授。在加州大學伯克利校區進行博士後研究期間,他與冷凍電鏡領域的先驅,羅伯特·格萊澤(Robert Glaeser)一起工作。此後,弗蘭克博士到劍橋大學進行研究工作,並最終於2008年前往紐約,在哥倫比亞大學任職。

Dr. Frank was born in Germany during World War II. He received his undergraduate degree in physics from theUniversity of Freibergand a master s degree from theUniversity of Munich. Later, Dr. Frank earned a PhD in physics from theTechnical University of Munich, where he taught as a professor. He conducted post-doctoral work at theUniversity of California at Berkeley, where he worked withRobert Glaeser, a pioneer in cryo-electron microscopy. Subsequently, Dr. Frank performed research atUniversity of Cambridgebefore heading to New York, where he would eventually joinColumbia Universityin 2008.

弗蘭克博士是美國國家科學院美國文理科學院院士,美國科學促進協會院士、美國生物物理學會院士。2014年,他獲得了由費城富蘭克林研究所頒發的富蘭克林生命科學獎章。一年之後,弗蘭克博士又獲得了極富盛名的威利生物醫學獎。在1998年至2017年間,他曾擔任霍華德·休斯醫學研究所的研究員。

Dr. Frank is a member of theNational Academy of Sciencesand theAmerican Academy of Arts & Sciences, and a Fellow of theAmerican Association for the Advancement of Scienceand of theBiophysical Society. In 2014, he was awarded theFranklin Medal in Life Scienceby theFranklin Institutein Philadelphia. This past year, Dr. Frank was also awarded the prestigiousWiley Prize in Biomedical Sciences. He was a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator from 1998 to 2017.

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