Graphite簡介

Graphite是一個Python編寫的企業級開源監控工具，採用django框架，用來收集伺服器所有的即時狀態，用戶請求信息，Memcached命中率,RabbitMQ消息伺服器的狀態，操作系統的負載狀態。Graphite伺服器大約每分鐘需要有4800次的跟新操作，它採用簡單的文本協議和繪圖功能，可以方便的使用在任何操作系統上。Graphite 自己本身並不收集具體的數據，這些數據收集的具體工作通常由第三方工具或插件完成（如 Ganglia, collectd, statsd, Collectl 等)。

簡單來說，Graphite主要做兩件事情：

• 實時監控第三方工具傳來的數據
• 根據數據繪製圖形

Graphite包含3個組件，carbon，whisper，graphite webapp其中：

• carbon - 用於監控數據的 Twisted 守護進程
• whisper - 用於存放和操作數據的庫
• graphite webapp - 用於繪製圖形的Django webapp

關於Graphite的詳細官方文檔可以參考Graphite Documentation。

Graphite安裝

我安裝的環境是CentOS 7、python 2.7.5

1、修改yum源配置：

yum install wget

mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup

cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo

yum makecache

yum -y update

2、安裝pip、carbon 和whisper

yum -y install epel-release #安裝epel擴展源pip才能安裝
yum -y install python-pip
yum -y install python-devel
yum -y install gcc
yum -y install unzip pip install carbon pip install whisper

3、安裝graphite-web

yum -y install libffi-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel install uwsgi-plugin-python
pip install graphite-web
pip uninstall django
pip install django==1.8

4、修改配置文件

cd /opt/graphite/conf/
ls #查看所有文件，拷貝去除example
cp aggregation-rules.conf.example aggregation-rules.conf
cp blacklist.conf.example blacklist.conf
cp carbon.amqp.conf.example carbon.amqp.conf
cp carbon.conf.example carbon.conf
cp dashboard.conf.example dashboard.conf
cp graphite.wsgi.example graphite.wsgi
cp graphTemplates.conf.example graphTemplates.conf
cp relay-rules.conf.example relay-rules.conf
cp rewrite-rules.conf.example rewrite-rules.conf
cp storage-aggregation.conf.example storage-aggregation.conf
cp storage-schemas.conf.example storage-schemas.conf
cp whitelist.conf.example whitelist.conf
cd /opt/graphite/webapp/graphite
cp local_settings.py.example local_settings.py
cd ../
mv content static vi uwsgi.ini

拷貝如下代碼進去，保存退出

[uwsgi]
# Django-related settings

socket = :8000

buffer-size = 40000

plugins=python
# the base directory (full path)

chdir = /opt/graphite/webapp

# Django s wsgi file

module = graphite.wsgi

# process-related settings

# master

master = true

# maximum number of worker processes

processes = 1

# ... with appropriate permissions - may be needed

# chmod-socket = 664

# clear environment on exit

vacuum = true

5、安裝uwsgi和nginx

yum -y install uwsgi
cd /home/admin/
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.4.7.tar.gz
tar zxvf nginx-1.4.7.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.4.7
./configure --with-openssl=/usr/include/openssl
vi objs/Makefile #把第3行的「 -Werror 」 刪除，保存，關閉
make
make install
vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

拷貝如下代碼進去，保存退出

user root;

worker_processes 1;

#error_log logs/error.log;

#error_log logs/error.log notice;

#error_log logs/error.log info;

#pid logs/nginx.pid;

events {

worker_connections 1024;

}

http {

include mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

sendfile on;

keepalive_timeout 65;

server {

listen 8001;

server_name localhost;

charset utf-8;

#access_log logs/host.access.log main;

location / {

include uwsgi_params;

uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8000;

uwsgi_read_timeout 2;

}

location /static {

root /opt/graphite/webapp;

}

}

}

6、在網站上找到項目，創建manage.py，好進行資料庫的操作，和測試顯示項目中的問題

cd /opt/graphite/webapp/
vi manage.py

拷貝如下代碼進去，保存退出

1 #!/usr/bin/env python
2 import os
3 import sys
4
5
6 if __name__ == "__main__":
7 os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "graphite.settings")
8
9 from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line
10
11 execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)

pip install scandir
python manage.py migrate
vi /opt/graphite/webapp/graphite/local_settings.py
#取消SECRET_KEY、TIME_ZONE注釋，並且修改值：
SECRET_KEY = "@2o8&38gcsb(p*o*dy(fmh!_3-30a1qwq$sadb+6vk243%wj0#"
TIME_ZONE = "Asia/Shanghai"
#保存退出

7、通過manage.py shell修改網站登錄的用戶名和密碼

python manage.py shell
>>> from django.contrib.auth.models import User
>>> user_list=[x for x in User.objects.all()]
>>> print user_list
#如果user_list不為空
>>>user=user_list[0]
>>>user.username="admin"
>>>user.set_password="123123"
>>>user.save
#如果user_list為空
>>>quit
python manage.py createsuperuser
#根據提示創建你的用戶
Username (leave blank to use "root"): admin
Email address: 123123@qq.com
Password: #輸入後不會顯示，我輸的123123
Password (again): #輸入後不會顯示

8、啟動carbon，carbon會在默認的2003埠接收數據。

python /opt/graphite/bin/carbon-cache.py start
uwsgi --ini /opt/graphite/webapp/uwsgi.ini
#再新建一個窗口，啟動nginx，或者讓uwsgi後台運行，建議測試的時候新建窗口，錯誤好捕獲。啟動nginx之前，先關閉防火牆或者開啟8001埠。我做測試，就關閉防火牆了。
systemctl disable firewalld #停用防火牆
systemctl stop firewalld #禁止防火牆
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx #啟動nginx
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload #重啟nginx

9、瀏覽網址http://127.0.0.1:8001，出現如下畫面，安裝成功，如果失敗，注意查看nginx的錯誤日誌和uwsgi的提示

參考：http://tripleday.cn/2016/10/06/graphite/

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