如果亞歷山大大帝征服了中國，歷史將如何演變？美國媒體為毛突然發現美國人不腦殘了！

譯文簡介quora網友：我認為馬其頓軍隊是不可能征服中國的。 但如果亞歷山大企圖這樣做的話，整個中國都會很快反擊。 他們的巨大人口將壓倒和擊退希臘人。這是因為希臘軍隊與中國的人口和城市相比起來極小。 中國的人口密度遠遠大於歐洲。 在春秋時期，一個4萬至5萬人的希臘軍隊只相當於中國的任何一個中等國家軍隊........

正文翻譯

What would history be like if Alexander the Great had once conquered China?

如果亞歷山大大帝征服了中國，歷史將如何演變？

論壇地址：http://www.ltaaa.com/bbs/thread-442297-1-1.html

-------------譯者：看看世界-審核者：龍騰翻譯總管------------

Pun Anansakunwat Read Chinese history for 17 years

Answered Apr 22

I would say it』s extremely unlikely that the Macedonian army could conquer China. However if Alexander managed to do so

The entire of China would soon rebel. Their immense numbers would overwhelm and repel the Greeks.

我認為馬其頓軍隊是不可能征服中國的。 但如果亞歷山大企圖這樣做的話，整個中國都會很快反擊。 他們的巨大人口將壓倒和擊退希臘人。

This was because the Greek army was extremely small compared to the population and cities in China. Population density in China is much larger than in Europe. A Greek army of 40000–50000 men was equivalent to any army of a medium state in China in the Spring-Autumn period.

這是因為希臘軍隊與中國的人口和城市相比起來極小。 中國的人口密度遠遠大於歐洲。 在春秋時期，一個4萬至5萬人的希臘軍隊只相當於中國的任何一個中等國家軍隊。

Once Alexander』s army was dispersed. The Chinese would turn violent and crushed the Greeks from cities to cities.

一旦亞歷山大的軍隊分散了。 中國人會狠狠地逐個掃平各個城市中的敵人。

-------------譯者：sjz9977-審核者：龍騰翻譯總管------------

Michel McGill My parents are WWII veterans.

Answered May 6

When Mongolians conquered China they bought their territory into China and enlarged Chinese territory. When Manchurian conquered China they bought their territory into China and enlarged Chinese territory too.

Conquering may be easy to rule what been conquered may not be easy. USA occupied Iraq in just two months and never established a viable regime for 14 years.

The only political system that can handle a vast civilization is the political system of China. China unified for two thousand years already when EU is still struggling on the unification.

Should Alexander the Great conquered China he could only adapt to Chinese system culturally socially and politically to rip the fruit of his victory. Should Alexander the Great conquered China in other word China will have the territory extended all the way to Mediterranean.

Michel McGill 我的父母是二戰老兵。

當蒙古人征服中國後，他們的領土成為了中國的一部分，中國的領土擴大。當滿洲征服中國後，他們的領土也成了中國的一部分，中國的領土再次擴大。

征服易，統治難，美國在短短兩個月內佔領伊拉克，14年來卻從未建立起一個可行的政權。

唯一能夠掌控一個如此偉大的文明的政治制度就是中國自有的政治制度，你看中國已經統一了二千年，而歐盟仍在統一的邊緣掙扎就是很好的例子。

如果亞歷山大大帝很好地征服了中國，他也只能在文化、社會、政治上去迎合中國人制度才能得到勝利果實，如果亞歷山大大帝征服了中國，換言之，中國的領土將一直延伸到地中海。

-------------譯者：黎明暉燼-審核者：龍騰翻譯總管------------

Chinese written language is ideograph. Chinese written language can accommodate variety of spoken languages. That』s one of the reason China is united while Europe is not.

中國的書面語言是象形文字，可以包容各種口語，這就是中國能夠統一而歐洲不能的原因之一。

China have a fair governance ideal named 王道 which view it subjects the same regardless race or ethnic difference. Chinese dynasty is not western empire. Western empire rule by racial or religious discrimination. The racial or religious discrimination existed in China not as major political mold nor as a ideal.

中國擁有被稱作「王道」的公平執政理念，視萬物生而平等，不以種族區分。中國王朝不像西方帝國，西方帝國統治充斥著種族歧視和宗教歧視。中國雖然也有，但並非主導因素。

That』s why Chinese civilization is the only survivor of Human cradle civilization. If Han Dynasty conquered west the civilization of the west died. If Alexander the Great conquered China Greek civilization died and be replaced by Chinese civilization.

這就是為何中華文明是唯一流傳下來的古文明。如果漢朝征服了西方，那麼西方文明就將覆滅，而如果亞歷山大大帝征服了中國，那麼希臘文明就會被中華文明所取代。

In China a dynasty may end but the civilization continue in the same territory that been conquered. In west a empire end and the civilization lost in the territory been conquered. The legitimacy of a King in west based on power or royal blood. The legitimacy of a dynasty in China based on the will of people called 人心背向 in Chinese or 天道 in Chinese.

Should Alexander the Great conquered China it was not Alexander was too powerful but the dynasty of China lost the legitimacy and people did not support it. If Alexander would rule China he had to be in compliance to the will of Chinese people or to the 天道。It is the reversed propagation of civilization. Chinese civilization propagates even been conquered.

West rules by power. Chinese people cannot be ruled by power. That』s the cultural and historical difference.

That』s how a history be like.

在中國，一個王朝的統治可能會終結，但在這片被征服的領土上，文明依然會延續下去。而在西方，在被征服之地上的帝國終結之日，正是文明斷絕之時。西方國王的合法性基於權力或王室血統。而在中國，王朝的合法性基於人民的意志，這在中國叫做人心背向或天道。

如果亞歷山大大帝征服了中國，那並不是亞力山大太強大，而是因為中國王朝違背民意而失去了正統性，人民不再支持它。如果亞力山大想要統治中國，那就必須符合中國人民的意志或者說是合乎天意。這就是文明的反向傳播，甚至在被征服的情況下，中國文明也能傳播。

西方人會被權力統治，但是中國人不會，這就是文化和歷史的差異。

這就是為什麼中國的歷史看起來會這樣。

Luca Yang Master Economics Fudan University (2019)

Answered Apr 25

Luca Yang 復旦大學經濟學碩士(2019)

Assume in 320s B.C. Alexander the Great continued to march to China.

假設公元前320年代，亞歷山大大帝的東征大軍開赴中國。

The only plausible route was a series of states along Mount. Tianshan in Xinjiang. A thousand years later When Tang Army confronted with the Arab Empire in Talos in 751 A.D. that was their supply line. The route took Zhang Tsian a Han envoy in 2 century A.D. 2–3 years to take without fight. Let』s assume Alexander needed 5 years.

唯一貌似合理的路線是途徑沿新疆天山山脈的一眾國家，這也是1000年以後公元751年的怛羅斯之戰中唐朝軍隊的補給線。公元2世紀，在沒有發生戰鬥的情況下，漢朝使者張騫花了兩年多時間走完了這條路線。讓我們假定亞歷山大要花5年。

At around 320 they would met Chinese in west Shanxxi province. That was State of Qin which unified China a century later. As a military state Qin had already become the most powerful and dreadful state of the States of War. On 306 B.C. Yin Ze became the king of Qin. 40 years later his army would massacre 400000 enemy soilders and civilians in Chang』ping.

在公元前320年那個年代，他們會在陝西省碰到中國人，那兒有將在一個世紀後統一中國的秦國，作為軍事國家，秦國是當時戰國時期最強大最恐怖的國家。公元前306年嬴則(秦昭襄王(公元前325年－公元前251年))成為秦國國君，大約40年後，他的軍隊在長平之戰中屠殺了大約40萬軍民。

The result of the war between these two states and the probability of other war states to give hand to Qin was highly unpredictable. Maybe someone could work out a fiction on this.

這場發生在兩國之間的戰爭結果以及其他戰國援助秦國的可能性都是高度不可預測的，也許誰能就此題材寫部小說。

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