2017-2018上 期末英語聽力整理及翻譯
就只有乾貨！！！
貝殼英語 新聞聽力 Day 222 答案重磅來襲翻譯
段落翻譯
B-中國民俗-春節-爆竹-4
中文：放爆竹（firecrackers）是春節期間孩子們最喜歡的活動。傳說燃放爆竹可以驅妖除魔，所以一到春節，到處就響起了接連不斷的爆竹聲。爆竹聲聲增添了喜慶的節日氣氛。近年來，很多市民意識到燃放爆竹會釋放有害物質，指出慶祝春節不應以犧牲空氣質量和身體健康為代價。政府也鼓勵人們在春節期間盡量少放或不放爆竹，減少污染物排放。
語言要點：
according to legend;add to;be aware that;release harmful substances;at the cost of;reduce emissions of pollutants
譯文：
Setting off firecrackers is the favorite activity of children in the Spring Festival. According to legend, this could drive off evil spirits. The continuous sound of firecrackers can be heard everywhere, adding to the atmosphere of rejoicing and festivity. In recent years, many citizens are aware that setting off firecrackers will release harmful substances and that celebrating the Lunar New Year should not be done at the cost of air quality and people』s health. The authorities also encourage people to set off fewer or no firecrackers during the Spring Festival, in order to reduce emissions of pollutants.
B-中國民俗-元宵節-綜述-4
中文：元宵節(The Lantern Festival)是中國農曆正月的第十五天，這是新年的第一次滿月，象徵著和睦團圓。元宵節是家庭團聚的傳統佳節，最隆重的活動就是展掛各種各樣的燈籠。元宵節晚上，大街小巷掛滿了各式各樣的燈籠。人們走上街頭，觀看舞獅表演、猜燈謎(guessing lanternriddles)、放煙花，老少歡聚，其樂融融。元宵節標誌著春節的結束，元宵之後，人們的生活回歸到日常狀態。
語言要點：
symbolize, harmony, family reunion, streets and lanes, mark, daily routine
譯文：
The Lantern Festival falls on the 15thday of the first lunar month.This is the first full moon of theNew Year, symbolizing harmony and reunion. It is traditionally a time for family reunion.The most prominentactivityof the festival is thedisplayof all types of beautiful lanterns. On that night,streetsand lanes are decorated with a variety of lanterns.Peoplegather in thestreets, watchingdragondance, guessing lanternriddles, and lighting fireworks. It』s really a lot of fun for the old and the young. The Lantern Festival marks the end of the New Year season and afterwards life returns to daily routine.
中國古塔
中文：中國古塔（pagoda）大小不一，形狀各異。有些像樓，有些像亭（pavilion），有些則像金字塔。有些孤零零的，而有些則成群而建。大多數中國古塔是和中國佛教（Buddhist）傳統有關。最早的塔建於公元一世紀，當時佛教剛從印度傳入中國。一些塔是為封建（feudal）統治者而建，為了讓他們與據說是住在雲端的神仙們(immortal)交流。其它塔則保存著宗教文物（artifacts）和遺址（relics）。陝西西安壯觀的大雁塔(the Wild Goose Pagoda)也許就是這種佛塔的一個最好的例證。
語言要點：
in clusters; be connected to; be introduced to
譯文：
Chinesepagodas come in various sizes and shapes. Some look liketowers,others like pavilions, and still others like pyramids. Some stand alone, while othersarebuilt in clusters. Most Chinese pagodas are connected to the Buddhist tradition in China. The earliest were built in the first century AD, when Buddhism was introduced to China from India. Some were built for feudal rulers to communicatewith the immortals who were believed to live in theclouds.Others housed religious artifacts andrelics. The best example of these Buddhistpagodasis perhaps the imposing Wild Goose Pagoda in Xi』an, Shanxiprovinces.
D-古代思想-道家-老子-4
中文：老子（Laozi）是道家學派（the Taoist School）的創始人，著有《道德經》（Tao TeChing）一書，他認為，所有事物都有對立面，如禍和福、有和無、生和死、貴和賤、高和低、強和弱等都是對立的雙方，它們之間會相互轉化。道家學派還有一位著名的人物——莊周。他也被成為莊子（Zhuangzi），著有《莊子》（The Book of Zhuangzi）一書，書中有很多有趣的故事，莊子借這些故事來表達他崇尚自然的主張。
語言要點：
deem; nobility and baseness; opposite aspects; be transformed into
譯文：
Laozi is the founder of the Taoist School, and wroteTao TeChing. He deemed that all things have their opposites. For instance, fortune and misfortune, existence and non-existence, life and death, nobility and baseness, high and low, strength and weakness are all pairs of opposite aspects of a unity and can be transformed into each other. Zhuang Zhou is another famous figure of the Taoist School, and he is also called Zhuangzi. In his bookThe Book of Zhuangzithere are many interesting stories. Using these stories, Zhuangzi expressed his love for nature.
D-古代思想-儒家-觀點-4
中文：孔子（Confucius）思想的特徵之一就是強調教育和學習。他蔑視不加思考而憑直覺認知世界的人。孔子認為對於一門學科唯一真正的了解來源於長期而細心的學習。在他看來，學習就是找到一位好老師，並模仿他的言行。一位好老師應該是一位悉知歷史的長者，並啟發學生使其進行獨立思考，在學習書本知識的同時還要有獨立的見解。
語言要點：
feature; despise; have faith in; intuition; words and deeds; enlighten
譯文：
A distinctive feature of Confucius』 thought is his emphasis on education and study. He despises those who have faith in natural understanding or intuition. Confucius argued that the only real understanding of a subject comes from long and careful study. For him, study means finding a good teacher and imitating his words and deeds. A good teacher is someone older who is familiar with the past history. He also maintained that a good teacher should enlighten students to think independently, and that students should form their own ideas when acquiring knowledge from textbooks.
E-日常生活-飲食-餐桌禮儀-4
中文：在中國，許多傳統的餐桌禮儀今天仍保留著。作為禮貌，在食物擺好後，客人會等待主人邀請後再開始進餐。進餐時，咀嚼食物時不要發出噪音。等下一道菜時，應該把筷子整齊地放好，避免交叉或放在飯碗上。不要用你的筷子去指別人，也不要把筷子豎著插進飯碗，因為那麼呆著就像在墳前插著的香柱（incense sticks）。
語言要點：
table manners; chew the food; resemble
譯文：
In China,many traditional table manners are still observed today. It』s a form of courtesy that when the food is served the guests wait for the host to invite them to eat. While eating, one should not make any noise when chewing the food. While waiting for the next course of food one should place the chopsticks neatly and avoid crossing them or putting them on the rice bowl. Don』t point at others with your chopsticks and don』t stick your chopsticks into your rice bowl and leave them there standing up, for in this position they resemble incense sticks set before a grave.
武術
中文:武術，也稱為功夫或中華武術，是中華民族寶貴的文化遺產，是一項具有民族特色的傳統民間競技技術。武術歷史悠久，習武者（practitioners）眾多。根據武術中使用的不同動作，可形成不同套路（set exercises）的徒手（barehanded）或持器械的動作組合。武術形式可以是單打、雙打或多人打鬥。習武者在或攻擊或防禦、或快或慢、或強或弱的動作中，相互打鬥較量，試圖打敗對方。習武有助於人們強勁體魄（physique），鍛煉意志、培養人格、保護生命。
語言要點：
heritage, based on, offensive, defensive, preserve, cultivate
譯文：
Wushu, also known asgongfuor martial arts, a valuable cultural heritage of the Chinese nation, is a traditional Chinese sport with a unique national characteristic. It enjoys a long history and a large number of practitioners. Based on movements employed in fighting,wushuis practiced in various types of set exercises, either barehanded or with weapons. They can be practiced singly, in pairs or collectively. Offensive or defensive, quick or slow, hard or soft, the practitioners wrestle with each other and try to outwit each other.Wushuhelpspeoplebuild their physique, heighten their will, cultivate themselves and preserve their lives.
J-傳統美德-尊老愛幼-敬老節-4
中文：尊老愛幼的傳統在當代得到了繼承和發揚。現在，中國的老人和兒童有自己的節日：「敬老節（Elders』 Day）」和「兒童節」；政府還專門制定了保護婦女兒童的法律；法律中也明文規定了公民必須履行贍養父母、撫養子女的義務。尊老愛幼這種傳統的美德保證了家庭的和睦和社會的穩定，也為中華民族繁衍發展提供了堅實的社會基礎。
語言要點：
inherit; specific;explicitterms; obligation;virtue; harmonious;stabilization
譯文：
The tradition of respecting theold and loving the young hasbeeninheritedanddevelopedin moderntimes. At present, the aged andthe young in China have theirown holidays: Elders』 Day andChildren』s Day. The governmenthasmadespecific laws toprotect women and children; andthe law alsostates in explicitterms that Chinese citizens havethe obligation to supporttheirparentsand reartheirchildren.It is the virtue of respectingthe aged and loving the youngthathasensured the harmoniousfamilyrelationshipsand stabilization ofsociety. Ithasalso provided firm socialbase for the development of theChinese nation.
O-中國名勝-長城-精神-4
中文:長城是中華民族精神的縮影（epitome），也是中華民族文明的象徵。萬里長城是世界奇蹟之一。它東、西、南、北縱橫交錯（crisscross）延綿起伏於中國遼闊的土地上。東西相距長達5000多公里，因此被稱之為萬里長城，是月球上「唯一能看得見的人工工程」，也是中國第一名勝和中國旅遊點的代表，被聯合國科教文組織（UNESCO）列入《世界文化遺產名錄》。
語言要點:
civilization;world wonders;vast land;amount to;artificial project
譯文:
The Great Wall is the epitome of Chinese spirit as well as the symbol of Chinese civilization. It is one of the world wonders, crisscrossing theeast, west, south and north and stretching over the vast land of China. The distance of the Great Wall from the east to the west amounts to 5000 kilometers, so it is called the Great Wall. It is the onlyman-madeproject which can be observed from the moon. In addition, it is listed as China』s top tourist spot and the representative of China』s tourist attractionsas well as the World Cultural Heritage Site by UNESCO.
平遙古城
中文：平遙古城自從築城以來，已有2700多年的歷史。在漫長的發展過程中，它保留的文化遺產（relics）數量多、種類多，因此被譽為「中國古建築寶庫」。平遙古城眾多的文化遺存，不僅代表了中國古代城市在不同歷史時期的建築形式、建築方法和材料標準，也反映了中國古代不同民族、不同地域的藝術進步和美學（aesthetic）成就。
語言要點：
construction;preserve;cultural relics
譯文：
The ancient city of Pingyao has a history of over 2700 years ever since its construction. In the long developing process, the massive and various cultural relics have been preserved in the ancient city of Pingyao, so it is honored as 「China』s ancient architecture treasure house」. The large number of cultural relics in the ancient city of Pingyao not only represents the construction forms, construction methods and materials standards of China』sancient city in different historical periods, but also mirrors the artistic progress and aesthetic achievement of different nationalities and regions in ancient China.
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