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重磅!比爾·蓋茨:10年內癌症技術將治癒HIV

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2018年初,投資銀行大佬JP摩根舉辦了第36屆健康大會,這一會議是全球最大的醫療健康領域的投資者大會,也是資金與技術碰撞產生火花的平台,投資人看好的技術很可能成為未來發展的方向,並且有助於加速科技轉化為應用,讓人類切實受益。

這次大會上,比爾蓋茨發表了主旨演講,期間談及了HIV的治癒話題,作為每天和前沿科技打交道的大咖,他的意見肯定是分量相當!讓我們看看比爾蓋茨先生是如何預言HIV治癒的吧

以下是他發言的節選(中英對照)

醫藥領域的學習之道,在於「類比」:我們借鑒其他領域來得到啟發。

In health and medicine, we learn by analogy. We borrow insights from other fields.

當我們就免疫系統、大腦和人體微生物組等核心系統出現問題時,得出的答案或許也適用於其他領域。

And when we ask one kind of question about key systems like the immune system, the brain, or our human microbiota, the answers may also apply to a totally different line of questioning.

幾個月前,《華爾街日報》的一則報道吸引了我的注意。這篇文章是很多同類文章之一,重點介紹了如何利用HIV病毒的遺傳機制修改T細胞,從而使其具備攻擊特定癌細胞的能力。

A few months ago, a headline caught my eye in The Wall Street Journal. The story was one of many that have highlighted how the HIV virus』s genetic machinery can be used as a tool to modify T-cells so they are capable of attacking specific cancers.

我相信再過10年,我們將會看到這樣一則新聞 —— 「癌症療法如何幫助治癒 HIV 」。

I』m confident that a decade from now, we』ll see a headline that says: 「How Cancer Tools are Helping Cure HIV.」

當然,事情並沒有這麼簡單。當前免疫療法僅對特定類型的癌症有效,且僅適用於特定的病人。

Of course, it』s not quite that simple. Immunotherapy today works only against certain types of cancers and only in certain patients.

另外,艾滋病、結核病和瘧疾等傳染性疾病和癌症一樣,會與感染者的免疫系統發生複雜的交互作用。

And, like cancer, infectious diseases such as HIV, TB, and malaria have complex interactions with the immune system of infected individuals.

不過我們有理由相信,從癌症免疫療法的持續研究中獲得的洞見,終將幫助我們實現對所有傳染性疾病的控制

But there is reason to hope that the insights uncovered in ongoing immunotherapy research for cancer will eventually help us control all infectious diseases.

這將是人類的巨大勝利 —— 也有可能為生命科學帶來巨大的市場機遇。

This would be a huge victory for humanity—and potentially a significant market for the life sciences.

其他人似乎也這樣認為。Bob Nelsen和Bob More 等風險投資人已經幫助VIR 生物技術公司融資5億美元 —— 其中也有我們的一份 —— 以支持它找到嚴重傳染性疾病的治療辦法。

Others seem to think so too. Venture capitalists like Bob Nelsen and Bob More have helped raise over $500 million for VIR Biotechnology—including funding from us—to discover and develop treatments for serious infectious diseases.

我們還投資了Immunocore,利用T細胞技術刺激人體的免疫系統。

We are also investors in Immunocore, which is using T-cell technology to help stimulate the body』s immune system.

雖然 Immunocore 的「T 細胞受體」技術在初始階段以治療癌症為目標,不過它也可以應用於對傳染性疾病的治療上。

Initially, Immunocore』s 「T-cell receptor」 technology targeted cancers, but it could also be applied against infectious diseases.

我們還支持 CureVac、Moderna 等公司通過 mRNA 技術研發疫苗和藥物,這也許能幫助我們攻克癌症難題。

We are backing companies like CureVac and Moderna on mRNA approaches for vaccine and drug development, which have the potential to help us tackle cancer.

另外,這種有趣的技術還可用作HIV 、瘧疾、流感和寨卡病毒的免疫干預手段。

This approach is also intriguing as a potential immunological intervention for HIV, malaria, flu and the Zika virus.

而且相較於傳統疫苗,mRNA 疫苗的生產有可能更為便宜、簡單、快速。

And mRNA vaccines are likely to be cheaper, easier, and faster to make than traditional vaccines.

這對流行病的控制極其有利 —— 不管它們是因自然因素爆發,抑或由人為生物襲擊引起。

This would be particularly helpful in containing epidemics—whether they occur through nature or are the result of an intentional biological attack.

今天,一款新疫苗從研發到上市一般要花 10 年的時間。

Today, it typically takes up to 10 years to develop and license a new vaccine.

要想顯著削減因病原體在空氣中快速傳播而造成的死亡人數,我們就必須大幅縮短從研發到上市的時間,將其減少到 90 天或更短。

To significantly curb deaths from a fast-moving airborne pathogen, we would have to get that down considerably—to 90 days or less.

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