中國正逐漸戰勝空氣污染，至少在北京是這樣的
正文翻譯
原創翻譯：龍騰網 翻譯：達tothe洋 轉載請註明出處
論壇地址：http://www.ltaaa.com/bbs/thread-467317-1-1.html
China Is Winning Its War on Air Pollution, at Least in Beijing
中國正逐漸戰勝空氣污染，至少在北京是這樣的。
China is seeing signs of success in its fight against smog as pollution levels slump dramatically in the capital region Beijing.
隨著首都北京污染水平的大幅下降，中國在抗擊霧霾方面取得了初步的成效。
Concentrations of PM2.5 -- the tiny particles that pose the greatest health risks -- plunged 33 percent from a year earlier in the fourth quarter across Beijing, Tianjin and 26 surrounding cities, Greenpeace East Asia said in a report Thursday. Levels in the capital alone tumbled 54 percent. The drops come after government policies last year forced millions of homes and businesses to switch from coal to cleaner-burning natural gas.
東亞綠色和平組織在周四發表的一份報告中聲稱，北京、天津以及周邊26個城市第四季度面臨的PM2.5污染濃度相較於去年同期下降了33%。（PM2.5是會帶來極大的健康風險的微小顆粒。）而在首都北京，這個指數下降了54% 。這一改善取源於政府於去年出台的政策，該政策促使百萬家庭和企業從煤炭轉向了更加清潔的天然氣能源。
Bluer Skies in Beijing
北京的藍天
The bluer skies came at a price, as the widespread switching to natural gas contributed to shortages of the fuel, leaving homes frigid and factories shut.「The switch from coal to gas has dramatically reduced pollution,」 Bernstein analysts including Neil Beveridge wrote in a report Thursday. 「While there have been problems in implementation, the plan is delivering results.」
但是藍色的天空的到來也伴隨著一些代價。因為大量的家庭和企業從使用煤炭轉向了天然氣，也導致了該燃料的短缺問題，使得一些家庭和工廠面臨了暖氣不足和停業的問題。「從煤炭到天然氣的轉變極大地減少了污染，」包括Neil Beveridge在內的伯恩斯坦分析員在周四的一份報告中指出。「儘管在實施方面依然存在著一些問題，但是該計劃正在取得成果。」
Replacing coal with gas for residential and industrial use is part of a series of measures to clean smoggy cities, along with closing outdated or illegal steel mills, coal mines and aluminum smelters. Natural gas demand rose 19 percent through October, the latest government data show. It will probably rise by 15 percent this year as Beijing sticks to its anti-coal guns and spurs development of gas infrastructure, Beveridge wrote.
在住宅取暖和工業能源上用天然氣取代煤炭是中國一系列的清理城市霧霾的措施之一，同時他們還關閉了過時或者非法的鋼鐵廠、煤礦、和煉鋁廠。最新的政府數據現實，天然氣需求自10月份以來上升了19% 。Beveridge表示，今年中國的天然氣需求將會增長15%，因為中國將堅持反煤炭，並進一步推動天然氣基礎設施的發展。
Worth It?
The shift toward cleaner heating fuels proved problematic in November and December, as some regions ran short of natural gas, forcing the government to halt factories to prioritize supplies for residential users, and in some cases let homes go back to burning coal.
值得嗎？去年11月和12月，轉向更清潔的取暖燃料這一做法被證明存在著一些問題，因為一些地區所面臨的天然氣短缺問題，迫使政府優先為住宅用戶供應天然氣，並暫停了對工廠的天然氣供應。而且某些家庭也不得不回到了煤炭供暖的老辦法。
However, 「negative effects caused by the transition from coal to gas are relatively small," making it worthwhile for China to expand the switch and start up nuclear power plant construction, said Jiang Kejun, a researcher at the Energy Research Institute under the National Development and Reform Commission.The NDRC in December announced a winter-heating plan for northern regions expected to cut coal use 150 million metric tons by 2021. Natural gas, biomass, heat pumps, direct electric heating and geothermal power will replace the dirtier-burning fuel.
然而，國家發改委能源研究所的研究員蔣可軍表示，「從煤炭到天然氣的轉變所造成的負面影響相對較小，這也使得中國進一步普及天然氣能源和啟動核電站建設的舉措顯得物有所值。」國家發改委在去年12月份宣布了一項針對北方地區冬季取暖的策略。預計到了2021年，煤炭的使用量將會減少1.5億噸。天然氣、生物質、熱泵、電加熱和地熱能將會取代會造成污染的燃料能源。
Besides a reduction in household coal use, measures to cut industrial emissions and favorable weather conditions 「contributed to the very dramatic reduction in pollution levels」 in Beijing and surrounding areas, Lauri Myllyvirta, an energy analyst at Greenpeace in Beijing, said by phone.
綠色能源組織的能源分析師Lauri Myllyvirta在電話中表示，除了家庭取暖煤炭使用量的減少外，工業排放的減少和北京良好的天氣狀況也是最近北京和周邊地區的空氣污染水平大幅下降的原因之一。
Nationwide, the air-quality improvement was less dramatic, with a 4.5 percent decrease in PM2.5 levels during 2017, according to Greenpeace."We shall expect the winter in 2018 to be even cleaner as the government carries out the campaign on coal to gas more thoroughly," said Tian Miao, a Beijing-based energy specialist at Everbright Sun Hung Kai Co
據綠色和平組織提供的數據顯示，全國範圍內的空氣質量改善則沒有那麼的顯著。2017年全國範圍內的PM2.5指數下降了4.5%「我們可以期待2018年的冬季將變得更加清潔，因為政府將展開更加徹底的煤炭開採整治活動。」中國光大集團公司駐北京的能源專家田淼表示。
評論翻譯
原創翻譯：龍騰網 翻譯：達tothe洋 轉載請註明出處
論壇地址：http://www.ltaaa.com/bbs/thread-467317-1-1.html
[–]steavoh 88 指標 4 天前
I think air pollution gets attention when it"s a visible problem. That proved true in Europe, the Americans, then Japan and now China. When a big city is covered in a pall of smog and you can smell/feel it going outside then even people in high places start to get concerned.The tough thing for environmentalists may be raising concern over things that are abstract or invisible. Climate change isn"t something you easily notice or get alarmed by unless you think long term.
我認為空氣污染只有在顯而易見的時候才會成為人們所關注的問題。這已經是在歐洲、美國、日本和現在的中國都被證實的觀點。當一個巨大的城市被霧霾籠罩時，你可以在出門時聞到或者感覺到它的存在，甚至是一些身處高位的人們也為開始擔憂。對環境主義者而言，最艱難的事情是引發大眾對一些抽象或者不可視的環境問題的關注。除非你能以長遠的目光看待問題，否則氣候變化並不能很容易地引起人們的注意。
[–]sxakalo 44 指標 4 天前
The Chinese do know climate change is real and they"ve been taking action against it.
中國人確實地知道氣候變化是真實存在的，而且他們一直都在採取一些行動去應對這一問題。
[–]Colandore 30 指標 4 天前
Absolutely. The rising sea levels is of particular concern in China given that many of their wealthiest cities are directly on their coast. Cities like Shanghai would be devastated.
千真萬確。鑒於中國許多最富有的城市都出於沿海地區，海平面的上升對他而言是非常令人擔憂的。因為（如果他們毫無作為的話）像上海這樣的城市將會被摧毀。
[–]ArchmageXin 11 指標 4 天前
so are America"s...
美國的情況也同樣如此...
[–]Colandore 11 指標 4 天前
Yeah, very true.I mean, I can say something something Trump/Republican administration not caring, etc... But the reality is, plenty of Americans are aware of it too. Everyone in San Francisco is at risk, so is New York (Sandy) and New Orleans (Katrina). Seattle, Miami, etc... American"s aren"t unaware, this has been a topic of concern for American environmentalists as well.The current administration can"t be helped unfortunately.
是的，非常正確。我的意思是，我可以說一些特朗普或者共和黨政府不關心之類的話。但是現實是，很多美國人都已經意識到了這一點。舊金山的每個人都面臨著危險，紐約（桑迪颶風）和新奧爾良（卡特里娜颶風）也同樣如此。還有西雅圖，邁阿密等等...美國人並非毫不知情，這一直以來都是美國環保主義者最關注的話題。但不幸的是，如今的政府無藥可救。
[–]AtoxHurgy 0 指標 3 天前
But their massive coal plants are still around
但是他們那些大型的煤礦依然還在運行著。
[–]RaceChinees 6 指標 3 天前
but everybody"s coal plants are still around.Considering China is also the biggest investors in green energy and coals plants there are replaced with far more efficient ones; means they are certainly on the right track.
每個國家都依然在運行著自己的煤礦。考慮到目前的中國是綠色能源最大的投資者，而煤炭也正被一些更加高效的能源所取代著；這意味著他們肯定走在了正確的軌道上。
[–]sxakalo 1 指標 3 天前
Yeah they are closing the oldest ones and switching to less polluting ones, nuclear and renewables.
是的，他們正在關閉一些最老舊的採煤場，並逐漸轉而使用污染更少的核能以及其他一些可再生能源。
[–]insipid_comment 154 指標 4 天前
If whatever they"re doing is working, they should keep it up! Hopefully they can pass along some of their tricks to other countries mired in air pollution, like India.
如果他們現在做的事情是有效的，那麼他們就應該堅持做下去！希望他們能夠把自己的一些技巧傳給其他一些深陷空氣污染問題的國家，比如印度。
[–]karangoswamikenz 49 指標 4 天前
This. Delhi and ahmedabad are getting worse
的確。德里和艾哈邁達巴德正變得越來越糟糕。
[–]bipolarbeargrills 62 指標 4 天前
As someone who actually lives in Beijing, can verify that the pollution this winter has been almost nonexistent. Especially compared to the alarming photos many will likely judge the city by, its been gorgeous since November. Comes with the caveat that there are still pollution issues all over the country, but the one year turnaround on making progress in the capital has been extraordinary.
作為一個實際上居住在北京的人，我可以證實，在這個冬天污染幾乎是不存在的。尤其是和那些許多人拿來批判這座城市的一些照片比起來，自去年11月份以來，北京美麗極了。儘管就全國範圍而言，污染問題依然存在。但是首都在這一年時間裡所取得的進展，依然是無與倫比的。
[–]spinmasterx 36 指標 4 天前
Honestly, the Chinese government is scary efficient. I remember during the Beijing Olympics opening ceremony, that night was humid like hell and by all normal weather conditions should have rained, but didn"t. Apparently, the government used some things to delay the rain by a few hours and it started to pour down immediately after the ceremony.
說實話，中國政府的效率簡直高的可怕。我記得在北京奧運會開幕式期間，那個晚上如同地獄般的潮濕，照理說這樣的天氣環境無論如何都應該下雨的，但是當時並沒有。顯然政府用了一些什麼東西將雨水的到來推遲了幾個小時，而在開幕式結束後的那一瞬間，傾盆大雨不期而至。
[–]diverofcantoon 13 指標 4 天前
That"s what happens when you have one party rule. Everyone"s on the same page, nobody fighting each other for political points.Not saying their system of government is better, just more efficient like you pointed out.
這就是當你們的國家只有一個政黨時會發生的情況。每個人都能達成共識，沒有人會為了政治觀點而互相爭鬥。我並不是在說他們的政府體系更加的優秀，只是他們就像你指出的那樣，擁有更高的效率。
[–]WhyBuild 41 指標 4 天前
Cool, I hope they continue in there efforts in making a clean place to live. Don"t really understand the negative comments in this thread
酷,我希望他們能夠繼續努力，將那裡改造成一個更乾淨宜居的環境。無法理解這個帖子中的一些負面評論。
[–]365_Canal_St_70130 15 指標 4 天前
When China has problems, they know how to solve them. The US just gets distracted with incumbent interests, a two-party system and lobbyists.
當中國面臨問題時，他們知道如何解決。而美國則會因為在位者的利益，兩黨制和遊說者而分心。
[–]garlicroastedpotato 11 指標 4 天前
Do you feel like America has unsolved air quality problems?
你覺得在美國還有未被解決的空氣質量問題？
[–]karangoswamikenz 13 指標 4 天前
But we have water issues
但是我們有水質問題啊。
[–]sicurri 4 指標 4 天前
I may not like, or agree with a lot of what China does, or what their policies on some things are. However, I do admit their solution to pollution, and starting to adopt green energy is fantastic.That"s one thing they have on the U.S. it seems, China looks at the long game, the U.S. looks at the short game. We are reactionary, while China is responsive to how the world is changing.
我可能不喜歡或者不贊同中國做的很多事情，也不同意他們在某些事情上的政策。然而我必須承認，他們對於環境污染的治理，以及他們開始擁抱綠色能源的行為實在是太棒了！這是他們優於美國的一個地方。中國的目光更加的長遠，而美國則只專註於眼前的利益。我們是反動的，而中國則對世界的變化做出了積極的反應。
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