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跌了一星期國家隊還是沒出手 去槓桿決心堅如磐石 麥格里資本:中國去槓桿指南 高槓桿是癥狀,而不是疾病本身?

以為是黑色星期一,結果是黑色一星期!

但即使是如此催人淚下吹古拉朽的9級地震一樣的股市地震,這次我們居然沒聞到國家隊的一絲氣息,where are you?

去槓桿堅如磐石 明年清明節或是你的忌日

說實話,這次暴跌來的不是時候,完全不講人情,很快我們就要迎來春節,很多人還指望從股市提款機弄點錢回家過年呢。但資本市場就是冷血的,很多事情你完全想不通,其實你想不通就對了,就如你可能永遠想不通王五四能夠不斷寫出10萬而且不斷被封號不斷開新好的傳奇一樣。

問題的本源是是什麼,小編前幾天寫過說本質就是中美貿易和人民幣匯率等的國家博弈,而在春節之前捅破A股的泡沫,然後把美股拉下馬是非常棒的策略,不知道大家時候記得,以前很多次就是在春節之間,歐美就會出現資本市場的各種怪事情,而倒霉的就是我們這些春節的人,其實小編一直覺得春節這假期有點問題,在全球資本市場上,你想我們突然停止一周,不管世界發生什麼,結果一定不好。

今天小編想說的是內部的事情,為什麼A股要如此地跌?歸根結底就是去槓桿的決心堅如磐石。

其實如果時鐘可以回撥,時間可以重來,A股暴跌的蛛絲馬跡還是很清晰的,首先從大決策來說,政府不斷說去槓桿,銀監會甚至說了2018的重要工作是居民去槓桿,大家用腳丫想想,股市去槓桿的話,那是什麼,無非就是配資、信託、股權抵押,這麼多年來,A股的很多所謂企業家,其實是企業玩家,通過各種抵押、收購、市場管理等烏煙瘴氣的手段把上市公司搞的一個一個的爛,從趙薇的萬家文化到爾康製藥,從神霧二兄弟到保千里,這些牛鬼蛇神你看一下幾乎都是通過各種抵押來的,這些傢伙的手段無法就是槓桿!樂視網賈躍亭應該也是死於槓桿!第二是今年元旦上來一周的突然莫名其妙暴漲,天天紅盤到歷史!當時小編就和很多人討論,怎突然股市變了,好像監管回到了從前呢,當時小編不知道會發生什麼,只是覺得奇怪,why?難道641老師要88?而現在大家應該明白了,昨天和一位哥們聊天,他說當時拉高的和現在砸盤的應該同一撥人,小編同意!

so,小編自己總結一下,從外因來說,這一波暴跌有點國際大國博弈的味道,從內因來說,就是去槓桿,股市去槓桿!如果不理解這些,你也會和某些大股東一樣死於槓桿!明年清明節就是你的忌日!Ching Ming Festival next year is your bogey

麥格里:中國去槓桿指南

高槓桿是癥狀,而不是疾病本身

特別重要的是,從整個去槓桿來說,股市的槓桿是非常小的一部分,而且股市大跌對於整個經濟來說基本沒大的影響,所以這可以解釋為什麼這次我們沒看到國家隊的原因,要不就是國家隊早就撤了,要不就是國家隊認為大跌正常!

早上看了,麥格里關於中國去槓桿的報告,總體上對於中國去槓桿還是很樂觀的,中國不會出大問題,但這個報告認為,中國的社會結構就造成了中國必然是一個高槓桿架構,或者說這樣的情況下去(BU DIAO)槓桿的,唯有改革!

主要觀點

The Chinese economy rebounded in 2017 but concerns about leverage and potential deleveraging linger. In this thematic study, we update our previous work (China』s Debt: Myths and Realities, June 2016) and take a comprehensive look at China』s current debt situation, including leverage in the real economy and that in the financial system. Then we dig deeper to explore the root cause of China』s high leverage. Below are three key questions we have for the near term.

First, could the current debt level cause a crisis? We maintain the viewexpressed in our 2016 report that the likelihood of a crisis is low. 95% of China』s debt is funded by domestic savings. Also the government can reshuffle debt across corporates, banks and itself. Meanwhile, capital controls have proved largely effective. Finally, it』s problematic to compare China with Japan in the 1990s, as China today has much more room to catch up.

(機器翻譯)首先,當前的債務水平能否引發危機? 我們保持我們在2016年報告中表示的觀點,危機的可能性很低。 中國的95%債務由國內儲蓄提供。 政府也可以通過跨企業,銀行和自身重組債務。 同時,資本管制已經證明很有效。 最後,在中國比較中國和日本是有問題的20世紀90年代,今天的中國有更多的上升空間。

Second, how far will deleveraging go in 2018? Since the GFC, the Chineseeconomy has leveraged up quickly, not only governments and corporates, but also households. For instance, China』s household debt-to-GDP ratio has risen by 29ppt during this period, while the US』s dropped by 17ppt. In 2018, we expect deleveraging to remain the top priority for policy makers. Last year the focus was on the financial system, but this year it will also include the real economy, especially local government financing. Such efforts could lower credit growth and weigh on infrastructure spending. That said, while the growth of debt could fall, nominal GDP growth will likely also drop. As a result, the overall debt-to-GDP ratio could stay the same or even edge up further.

(機器翻譯)其次,去槓桿化在2018年走多遠? 金融危機以來,中國經濟依靠槓桿發展迅猛,不僅是政府和企業,而且包括家庭。 比如中國的家庭債務佔GDP的比例在此期間為就上升了29個百分點,而美國則下降了17個百分點。 我們預計到2018年去槓桿化仍然是決策者的首要任務。 去年的重點是在金融體系上,今年也會包括實體經濟,特別是地方政府融資。 這樣的努力可能會降低信貸增長重壓基礎設施支出。 這就是說,雖然債務的增長可能會下降,名義GDP增長可能也會下降。 結果,整體債務對GDP比率可以保持不變,甚至更進一步。

Third, why is it so difficult for China to deleverage? High leverage is the symptom, not the disease itself. Effectively deleveraging the real economyrequires tough structural reforms by local governments, SOEs and in the current financial system. Meanwhile, deleveraging the financial system involves a difficult trade-off between financial risk and financial development. On the one hand, financial leverage remains a major concern so regulation should be further tightened. On the other hand, China』s high savings rate implies a daunting task of capital allocation. Without an effective financial system, it』s hard to stop economic growth from falling in the long run. In that case, if policy makers still want to maintain growth, they have to boost government investment, which would then run counter to their deleveraging efforts.

(機器翻譯)第三,為什麼中國去槓桿化這麼困難呢? 高槓桿是癥狀,而不是疾病本身。 有效去槓桿化實體經濟需要地方政府,國有企業和當前的艱難的結構性改革金融系統。 同時,去槓桿化的金融體系涉及到一個財務風險與金融發展之間難以取捨。 在一個 財務槓桿仍然是一個主要的問題,所以監管應該更進一步收緊。 另一方面,中國的高儲蓄率意味著艱巨的任務的資本分配。 沒有一個有效的金融體系,很難停下來經濟增長從長期下降。 在這種情況下,如果決策者還在要保持增長,就必須提高政府投入將會違背其去槓桿化的努力。

The end-game of China』s leverage problem

中國槓桿的終極遊戲!

As we discussed before, it』s impossible to lower the debt-to-GDP ratio by simply reining in credit growth, because China』s leverage problem is a structural problem. Given the inadequate demand due to a high savings rate, if the government simply cuts leverage by lowering investment growth, most likely the economy would head into a recession.

Therefore, the key to deleveraging is to deal with the structural issues that cause high leverage in the first place. Without doing so, the debt-to-GDP ratio could rise to over 300% in a few years. Then policymakers will have to carry out debt restructuring to lower the interest burden for both corporates and local governments. It』s not a crisis though if depositors remain confident in the banking system. But they may start to worry about the currency risks. Capital controls would then have to be tightened.

In that case, even if an explicit crisis doesn』t happen, deteriorating investment efficiency is still a major concern. As we discussed before, it will become harder and harder to boost growth through investment. If this happens, we will have to live with lower growth, or so-called 「middle-income trap」. But to be clear, it is not caused by high leverage per se, as debt is just

a symptom not a disease itself.

A better scenario is that reforms of SOEs, local governments, land and the financial system could make significant progress. Regulatory arbitrage and implicit guarantee could be broken and the allocation of resources could be improved. Back in the early 2000s, China did grow out of the debt mess of the 1990s. It wasn』t due to all these accounting tricks in recapitalizingbanks, but by finding new growth drivers, especially property and exports. Indeed, the experience of 2017 also suggests that improved growth is the key to fixing China』s leverage problem. However, the better-than-expected growth in 2017 is largely driven by cyclical factors such as exports and property. A more sustainable path is to improve resource allocation through difficult structural reforms.

(機器翻譯)中國槓桿問題的終極遊戲

正如我們之前討論過的那樣,通過簡單的控制就不可能降低債務與GDP的比率信貸增長,因為中國的槓桿問題是一個結構性問題。鑒於由於高儲蓄率的需求不足,如果政府只是通過削減槓桿降低投資增長,很有可能經濟將陷入衰退。因此,去槓桿化的關鍵是要處理造成高的結構性問題槓桿。如果不這樣做,債務佔GDP的比例可能會上升到300%以上。那麼政策制定者將不得不進行債務重組以降低利息企業和地方政府的負擔。如果存款人仍然存在,這不是一個危機對銀行體系充滿信心。但他們可能會開始擔心匯率風險。資本控制將不得不收緊。那樣的話,即使不發生明顯的危機,投資效率的惡化依然存在一個主要的問題。正如我們之前所討論的那樣,推動經濟增長通過投資會變得越來越困難。如果發生這種情況,我們將不得不以低增長或所謂的低收入生活「中等收入陷阱」。但要清楚的是,並不是由於槓桿本身高,因為債務是正義的癥狀不是疾病本身。

更好的情況是國有企業,地方政府,土地和金融體系的改革可以取得重大進展。監管套利和隱性擔保可能被打破資源配置可以得到改善。早在二十一世紀初,中國確實發展壯大擺脫了20世紀90年代的債務困境。這不是由於所有這些會計手段都在進行資本重組銀行,而是通過尋找新的增長動力,特別是財產和出口。的確,2017年的經驗也表明,改善增長是確定中國槓桿的關鍵問題。然而,2017年的好於預期的增長主要是由周期性推動的出口和財產等因素。更可持續的途徑是改善資源通過艱難的結構改革來分配

好消息是美股昨天晚上沒有跌,壞消息是每股是最後依靠「國家隊」拉起來的, 但願我們不會黑著過春節吧!少消費,在家,安全!


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