ASLA 2017學生獎-隱形工程：公開介紹污水處理的動態生活
這期的圖紙2017年asla學生獎中的傑出獎作品。是關於污水處理手段的創新和思考。「This project takessomething that』s generally pushed out of the public realm and isolated as autilitarian function, and brings the public into it, making it a public amenityand an educational tool.」「這個項目將一些通常被排擠出公共領域，被孤立的東西變成為一種功利功能的東西，並將公眾引入其中，使之成為公共的便利設施和教育工具。」 - 2017 awards jury
invisible works: a publicintroduction to the dynamic life of wastewater infrastructure
隱形工程：公開介紹廢水處理的動態生活
PROJECT CREDITS
PROJECT STATEMENT
Though easily forgotten andoften misunderstood, the infrastructures of wastewater treatment areinextricably linked with the pulse of our modern cities. Invisible Works is apublic introduction to the dynamic life of wastewater treatment in St. Paul,Minnesota. It is a chance for people to engage in the active nature oftreatment and simultaneously uncover its mysteries through experience. Theintent is to transform the wastewater treatment plant from a marginalizedsystem into a place that all can enjoy, acknowledging its importance as part ofthe public realm.
雖然容易被人遺忘並常常被誤解，但廢水處理的基礎設施與我們現代城市的脈搏有著千絲萬縷的聯繫。隱形工程是公開介紹明尼蘇達州聖保羅市污水處理的動態生活。這是人們從事處理手段能動性的機會，同時通過經驗揭示其奧秘。其目的是將污水處理廠從邊緣化系統轉變為所有人都可以享受的地方，承認其作為公共領域一部分的重要性。
evolution of the status QUO:the changing perception of infrastructure overtime
地位的演變QUO：對基礎設施的看法不斷變化
system & breadth: metrowastewater treatment plant within the region
系統和廣度：地區內的地鐵污水處理廠
Three questions drive the design:
三個問題推動設計：
公共領域怎樣才能重新回歸公共工程？
污水處理的代謝過程如何在物質和場地尺度上顯示？
This project is worthy of consideration because of itspotential to expand the role that landscape architects play in celebrating andexploring the hybrid systems that support us, and in evolving the scope of theprofession.
這個項目值得考慮，因為它有可能擴大景觀設計師在慶祝和探索支持我們的混合動力系統方面發揮的作用，並拓展專業範圍。
site & users: metrowastewater treatment plant in its context and use
現場和用戶：地鐵污水處理廠在其環境和使用
master plan: public works aspublic realm
主要平面圖：公共工程作為公共領域
收集能力：將公眾整合為一個功能完善的工廠
PROJECT NARRATIVE
InvisibleWorks
1) How can the public realm be stitched back into the public works?
公共領域怎樣才能重新回歸公共工程？
Turnon the faucet, open up the spigot, push down the handle, forget the rest. Themetabolism of the modern city is supported through an invisible network ofpipes, pumps, valves, and tanks. However, the majority of wastewater treatmentfunctions out of sight and beyond everyday perception. Invisible Works bringsthe public realm back into this essential piece of public works, engageseveryday users in its metabolic process, and shifts perception of wastewatertreatment from an industry happily ignored to a dynamic public landscape andsource of new materials, traditions, and ideas.
打開水龍頭，打開水龍頭，按下手柄，忘記休息。現代城市的新陳代謝是通過一個無形的管道，泵，閥門和儲罐網路來支持的。但是，大多數廢水處理功能在視野之外，並超出了日常的看法。隱形作品將公共領域重新引入這一重要的公共領域，使日常用戶參與到新陳代謝過程中，並將廢水處理的觀念從一個被無視的行業轉變為一個充滿活力的公共景觀和新材料，傳統和創意的源泉。
Thecause for this naiveté about wastewater treatment stems from the manner inwhich cities have grown. As populations and footprints increased, wastewatertreatment was relegated to the periphery of cities. However, continuousinnovation has led to more sanitary and sustainable practices, and it is nolonger necessary to separate the public from the process. Today, the TwinCities Metropolitan Council treats approximately 250 million gallons ofwastewater daily at 8 regional treatment plants, directed through 5,000 milesof sewers across 108 communities. The Metro Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP)is the largest and farthest-reaching of all the plants. Located 3 miles fromSt. Paul between the Mississippi River, Pig』s Eye Lake, neighboring industry,and nature reserve, the 180-acre plant blurs the line between community,industry and ecology.
這種關於廢水處理的天真的原因源於城市發展的方式。隨著人口和足跡的增加，廢水處理已經降級到城市周邊。然而，不斷的創新導致更多的衛生和可持續的做法，不再需要將公眾與流程分開。今天，Twin Cities Metropolitan理事會每天在8個區域處理廠處理大約2.5億加侖的廢水，通過108個社區的5,000英里的下水道。地下污水處理廠（WWTP）是所有工廠中規模最大，排量最大的。距離密西西比河，豬眼湖，鄰近的工業和自然保護區之間的聖保羅3英里，這個180英畝的工廠模糊了社區，工業和生態之間的界限。
The fingers of the Metro WWTP infrastructure are expansive, and the flow constant.After being used in residences and businesses, wastewater is flushed into localpipes, which plug into municipal sewer pipes, which then lead intointerceptors, the largest of the conveyor pipes. Interceptors flow to thelowest point in the sewershed: the Metro WWTP. When gravity is insufficient todirect the flow of blackwater, the interceptors run through lift stations,which are effectively invisible to the public eye. Embedded within a publicpark as a nondescript building or sitting at the end of a cul-de-sac, thestations are quiet connections which rarely merit a second glance. The designproposal begins at this community level, transforming the lift stations fromoverlooked elements to distributors of fertilizers, building materials,resources, and information.
城市污水處理廠的基礎設施的手指是膨脹的，流量不變。在用於住宅和企業後，廢水被沖入當地的管道，後者插入市政污水管道，然後通向最大的輸送管攔截器。攔截器流向污水管道的最低點：地鐵污水處理廠。當重力不足以引導污水流動時，攔截器貫穿提升站，這對公眾的眼睛來說是無法看到的。作為一座不起眼的建築，坐落在公園內，或坐在死胡同的盡頭，這些車站是安靜的連接，很少有值得一看的地方。設計方案從這一社區層面開始，將水泵站從被忽視的元素轉變為肥料，建築材料，資源和信息的分銷商。
neighborhood satellites:integrating wastewater treatment into the community
鄰里衛星：將污水處理納入社區
flow: wastewater treatmentprocess and material transfer
流程：污水處理過程和材料轉換
site: treatment and publicmoving through the WWTP
場地：處理手段和公眾在污水處理廠中的移動
2)How can its metabolic process be revealed in material and site?
它的代謝過程如何在材料和場地中顯示？
Thesite design blends spatial, visceral, and material opportunity, allowing thevisitor to read the treatment process through experience rather than on apamphlet. Safety and immersion are paramount in pedestrian flow. The northernzone, is primarily restricted to employees and guided tours only; the centralzone encompasses the most concentrated public realm; the southern zone focuseson the less programmed experience with trail connections to the larger context.
場地設計融合了空間的，內臟和物質的機會，讓訪問者通過經驗閱讀處理過程，而不是以小冊子閱讀。人流安全和沉浸是最重要的。北部地區主要限於員工和導遊。中心地帶包含最集中的公共領域;南部地區側重於較少程序化的經驗與較大範圍的線索連接。
Oncewastewater arrives at the Metro WWTP, it takes approximately 15 hours to makethe journey from dirty to clean. During that time, it is separated into anumber of different materials through a series of chemical and organicprocesses. By breaking down each of those stages and quantities, InvisibleWorks reveals strategic points throughout the process that presentopportunities for intervention:
一旦廢水進入城市污水處理廠，大約需要15個小時才能將污染物清理乾淨。在此期間，它通過一系列化學和有機過程被分離成許多不同的材料。通過分解每個階段和數量，無形作品揭示了整個過程中的戰略要點，提供了干預的機會：
Treatment- The design highlights treatment north to south; dirty to clean. As thevisitor moves toward the outfall, public space becomes increasingly lessformal, enabling deeper exploration of the process as the material eventuallyreturns to an interactive state.
處理-設計突出治療從南到北;從骯髒的到乾淨的。隨著訪客向排水口移動，公共空間變得越來越不正式，隨著材料最終返回互動式狀態，可以更深入地探索該過程。
Season- In Minnesota』s extreme climate, materials become amplified during certaintimes of the year. Summer lends itself to interactive water features, winterenhances steam and ice crystal formations, and spring and fall invite faunaactivity and mushroom harvest. The design takes advantage of these phenomena bybringing the public into contact with these safe byproducts, simultaneouslyallowing people to read the phase of treatment.
季節-在明尼蘇達州的極端氣候下，材料在一年中的某些時候會變得更加放大。夏季適合互動水景，冬季增強蒸汽和冰晶的形成，春季和秋季促進動物活動和蘑菇收穫。設計利用這些現象，使公眾與這些安全的副產品接觸，同時讓人們閱讀處理的階段。
interaction withinfrastructure: experiencing the WWTP across season, material and treatment
與基礎設施互動：跨季節體驗污水處理廠，材料和處理
experience & frequency:subtle metering reveals treatment intervals
經驗和頻率：微妙的測量顯示治療間隔
Light& Steam - The treatment process at the Metro WWTP is constant, operating 24hours a day, 365 days a year, and treating 180-250 million gallons of watereach day. Because the current plant is visually constant and does not reflectthis flow to the untrained eye, a system of showing benchmarks in a subtle wayis essential. The design proposal uses pedestrian path lights as meters of theprocess. Each time 10 million gallons of wastewater is cleaned, the lightingwill perform a recognition of this achievement. Depending on season and flow,this will happen anywhere from 18 to 25 times per day. The proposal transformssite lighting into meters of treatment process. Through this nuanced cadence,the user experience will change with each visit.
光與蒸汽-地鐵污水處理廠的處理過程不變，每年365天，每天24小時運行，每天處理180-250百萬加侖的水。由於目前的工廠在視覺上是恆定的，並不反映這種流向未經訓練的眼睛，所以以微妙的方式顯示基準的系統是至關重要的。設計方案使用人行道燈作為過程的儀錶。次清潔1000萬加侖廢水時，照明將對此成就表示認可。根據季節和流量的不同，這種情況會每天發生18到25次。該提案將場地照明轉變為處理過程的儀錶。通過這種細微的節奏，用戶體驗會隨著每次訪問而改變。
Mycelium- Currently, the Metro WWTP treats approximately half of its odors through anorganic process of odor eating bacteria in large mulch beds outdoors. Thedesign proposal doubles this organic treatment and relocate treatment toaccommodate the size. One unintended byproduct of this process is growth ofmushrooms in the warm mulch beds. Using subtle changes in topography in themushroom beds combined with tree canopy amplifies and expands the mushroomgrowth process so that users can harvest edible mushrooms on site.Additionally, spores will be used to create durable mycelium blocks. These canbe grown in any form, are structural, organic, and will be used for short termmaterial storage on site and distributed throughout the community.
菌絲體-目前，地鐵污水處理廠通過在戶外大型覆蓋層中吃細菌的有機過程處理其大約一半的氣味。設計建議加倍這種有機處理和搬遷處理以適應尺寸。這一過程的一個意外副產品是溫暖覆蓋床中蘑菇的增長。使用蘑菇床地形的細微變化結合樹冠放大並擴大了蘑菇生長過程，以便用戶可以在現場收穫食用菌。此外，孢子將用於創建持久的菌絲體塊。些可以以任何形式生長，是結構性的，有機的，並將用於現場短期物質儲存並分布在整個社區。
Biosolids- The proposal redirects 48,000 dry tons of class B biosolids from the locallandfill over 5 years to create a landform at the south end of the site, whichwill serve as a large, informal events space. After this period, biosolids willbe distributed to the community for earthworks projects, reinforcing theplant』s city-scale metabolic process.
生物固體-這項提議將5年內從當地垃圾填埋場轉移的48000干噸B級生物固體重新引導到位於該工地南端的地形，這將成為一個大型的非正式活動空間。經過這段時間，生物固體將被分配到社區進行土方工程項目，加強植物的城市代謝過程。
decay & growth: solidtreatment odor byproducts repurposed and revalued
衰減和增長：固體處理氣味副產物重新利用和重估
mycelium as building block:harnessing a waste byproduct into a new cultivation
菌絲體作為構建模塊：利用廢物副產物進行新的培養
biosolids buildup: divertinglandfill product to landform material
生物固體堆積：將垃圾填埋產品轉移到地形材料
3) How can this new typology for public space cultivate dynamicthinking?
這種新的公共空間類型如何培養動態思維？
Landscapearchitects have the unique opportunity to blur the line between infrastructureand public space in the places and experiences they design. In the future ofthe Anthropocene and the era of the city, public works will be seen asopportunities to re-imagine the urban landscape and our relationship to it.Given that wastewater treatment plants are recurring systems with predictabletypologies within every major metropolitan area in the United Sates, theypresent a unique opportunity for scalable intervention. Invisible Works revealsthe dynamism, mystery, and potential in wastewater treatment, and in doing sourges a shift in perception and > questioning of the role of infrastructurein the public realm.
景觀設計師有獨特的機會去模糊基礎設施和公共空間之間的界限和經驗。在未來的人類世界和城市時代，公共工程將被視為重新想像城市景觀及其與城市關係的機會。鑒於污水處理廠是美國每個主要大都市地區都具有可預測類型的循環系統，它們為可擴展的干預提供了一個獨特的機會。「無形的作品」揭示了廢水處理的活力，神秘性和潛力，這促使人們對公共領域基礎設施角色的認知和質疑發生了變化。
new typologies, newperceptions: dynamic infrastructure and its place in the environment
新類型學，新觀念：動態基礎設施及其在環境中的位置
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