看不懂這些句子怎麼能說你是資深烤鴨

劍10Test 1 Passage 1

1. But perhaps the most impressive features are theintricate decorative sculptures that embellish many stepwells, showingactivities from fighting and dancing to everyday acts such as women combingtheir hair or churning butter.

intricate(複雜的)

embellish(v.裝修，裝飾)

譯文： 但也許最令人印象深刻的特性是那些階梯井上裝飾的複雜多樣的雕塑，這些雕塑展示了從戰鬥跳舞到日常生活的諸多方面，比如女人梳頭或攪拌黃油。

2. It actually resembles a tank (kund means reservoir or pond) rather than awell, but displays the hallmarks of stepwell architecture, including four sidesof steps that descend to the bottom in a stunning geometrical formation.

tank(n.池塘，水槽)

hallmark(n.印記，標誌)

stunning(adj.極好的，使人暈倒的)

譯文：階梯井實際上類似於池塘(kund意味著水庫或池塘),而不是一個水井。階梯井包括四級台階向下延伸至一個驚人的幾何形狀構造的底部，展示了階梯井建築的特點。

3. Tourists flock to wells in far-flung corners of north-western India to gazein wonder at these architectural marvels from hundreds of years ago, whichserve as a reminder of both the ingenuity and artistry of ancient civilisationsand of the value of water to human existence.

far-flung (adj.遙遠的，廣泛的)

ingenuity(n.心靈手巧，獨創性)

譯文：遊客成群奔向位於印度西北偏遠地方的階梯井，只為瞻仰數個世紀之前的建築奇蹟。階梯井提醒著人們古代文明的創造力和藝術性，以及水對人類生存的意義。

劍10Test 1 Passage 2

1. Thisphenomenon has been emphasised by the relocation of some industries,particularly those which are labour intensive, to reduce production costs, eventhough the production site is hundreds or even thousands of kilometres awayfrom the final assembly plant or away from users. (劍10 test 1 Passage2)

assembly(n.裝配，集合)

譯文：一些工廠的搬遷強調了這一現象，特別是那些勞動密集型產業，為了減少生產成本，甚至將生產地址搬離裝配工廠或者用戶幾百甚至幾千公里。

2.Accordingto the latest estimates, if nothing is done to reverse the traffic growthtrend, CO2 emissions from transport can be expected to increase by around 50%to 1,113 billion tonnes by 2020，compared withthe 739 billion tonnes recorded in 1990.

譯文：根據最新的估計,如果不採取措施扭轉交通增長趨勢,交通運輸排放的二氧化碳排放量，與1990年的7390 7390億噸的記錄相比，可以預計將增加約50%，直到2020年達到1.113萬億噸。

3. Itis far more ambitious than it looks, bearing in mind the historical imbalancein favour of roads for the last fifty years, but would achieve a marked breakin the link between road transport growth and economic growth, without placingrestrictions on the mobility of people and goods.

譯文：它比看起來的更雄心勃勃,牢記過去的五十年道路運輸失衡的歷史,在沒有限制人員和貨物流動的情況下，將取得明顯道路運輸增長和經濟增長之間的突破聯繫。

劍10Test 1 Passage 3

1. Managersshould therefore adopt an approach that appears counter-intuitive一they should explain what stands to be lost if the companyfails to seize a particular opportunity.

intuitive(直覺的)

譯文：因此，經理應該採取一種似乎反直覺得方法——它們可以解釋如果公司未能抓住這個特定的機會，會失去什麼。

2.Thisenvironment encouraged a free interchange of ideas，which led to more creativity with form, function，colour and materials that revolutionised attitudes to furniture design.

譯文： 這個環境鼓勵自由交換想法,導致更多的創意形式,功能,色彩和材料的產生。這些創意徹底改變了傢具設計的態度。

3.Leadersshould encourage everyone to contribute and simultaneously assure all concernedthat every recommendation is important to making the right decision and will begiven full attention.

譯文：領導人應該鼓勵每個人都做出貢獻, 同時保證每一個建議對於做出重要決定都是重要的，並且對它們會給予充分的重視。

劍10Test2 Passage 1

Tea and Industrial Revolution茶與工業革命

1. Theantiseptic properties of tannin, the active ingredient in tea, and of hops inbeer –plus the fact that both are made with boiled water – allowed urbancommunities to flourish at close quarters without succumbing to water – bornediseases such as dysentery.

譯文：茶的有效成分單寧酸的防腐性，以及啤酒中的有效成分蛇麻子——加上兩者都是用開水製成這一要素——使得現代城市能夠近距離地發展繁榮，而不需要受制於水源性疾病，例如痢疾。

2.Macfarlanenotes that even though 17th century Japan had large cities, high literacyrates, even a futures market, it had turned its back on the essence of anywork-based revolution by giving up labor-saving devices such as animals, afraidthat they would put people out of work.

譯文：Macfarlane指出，儘管17世紀日本有大城市、高受教育率，甚至期貨市場，但日本放棄了節省勞動力的設備，例如動物，擔心它們會使人失業，從而違背了一切以工作實踐為基礎的革命的核心。

3. Macfarlaneguessed that the fact that water had to be boiled, together with thestomach-purifying properties of tea meant that the breast milk provided bymothers was healthier than it had ever been.

譯文：Macfarlane猜測水需要煮開，且茶中含有凈化胃的物質，這意味著母乳比之前任何時候都更加健康。

劍10Test 2 Passage 2

Gifted children and learning天才兒童與學習

1.Because IQ tests are decidedly influenced bywhat the child has learned, they are to some extent measures of currentachievement based on age-norms; that is, how well the children have learned tomanipulate their knowledge and know-how within the terms of the test.

譯文：由於智力測驗受到兒童已學習內容的絕對影響，他們一定程度上是對基於年齡常模的當前成就進行測量；也就是說，在測評範圍內，兒童已經學會多好地運用知識和技巧。

2.Given that a fundamental goal of education isto transfer the control of learning from teachers to pupils, improving pupils』learning to learn techniques should be a major outcome of the school experience,especially for the highly competent.

譯文：由於教育的基本目標是將對學習的管控從教師轉移至學生，將學生的學習提升為學習技巧就應成為學校經歷的主要結果，尤其是對高能力者。

3. Research with creative scientists by Simonton(1988) brought him to the conclusion that above a certain high level,characteristics such as independence seemed to contribute more to reaching thehighest level of expertise than intellectual skills, due to the great demandsof effort and time needed for learning and practice.

譯文：Simonton(1988)對有創造力的科學家所作的研究使其得出結論：在某一較高水平之上，相比知識技能，如獨立性這樣的特質似乎在達到最高的專業水平方面作用更大，這是由於需要大量的努力和時間進行學習和練習。

劍10Test2 Passage 3

Museums of fine art and theirpublic藝術博物館及其受眾

1. And today the task of reproducing pictures isincomparably more simple and reliable, with reprographic techniques that allowthe production of high-quality prints made exactly to the original scale, withfaithful colour values, and even with duplication of the surface relief of thepainting.

譯文：如今，複製圖畫的任務無比地簡單和可靠，複印技術允許高品質印刷的複製品精確到原畫的規模，有可靠的色值，甚至能複製圖畫表面的凸凹紋理。

2. Furthermore, consideration of the value of theoriginal work in its treasure house setting impresses upon the viewer that,since these works were originally produced, they have been assigned a hugemonetary value by some person or institution more powerful than themselves.

譯文：此外，對博物館中原版藝術品「價值」的考慮會讓來訪者感到由於這些藝術品是原版，它們已經被一些人或是比自己更有權力的機構賦予了巨大的經濟價值。

3. If appropriate works of fine art could berendered permanently accessible to the public by means of high-fidelityreproductions, as literature and music already are, the public may feelsomewhat less in awe of them.

譯文：如果通過高保真度的複製品，使得恰當的藝術作品讓大眾能夠一直接到，就像文學和音樂已經做到的那樣，那麼人們對藝術作品可能會稍微感到不那麼敬畏。

劍10Test3 Passage 1

The Context, Meaning andScope of Tourism旅遊業的背景、意義與範疇

第一段

primitive a.原始的

motivation n.刺激，鼓舞

vital a.重要的

civilisation n.文明

economy n.經濟

第二段

distinctly adv.明顯地，顯著地

phenomenon n.現象

advent n.出現

connotation n.內涵，暗示

revolution n.革命

availability n.有益，可獲得的東西

commercial a.商業的

第三段

industrialised a.工業化的

employment n.就業

estimate v.估計

investment n.投資

excess n.超過

profound a.深遠的

第四段

obscure v.使...模糊

diversity n.多樣性

fragmentation n.碎片

accommodation n.住宿

remain v.保持

amorphous a.無形的，混亂的

第五段

exclusive a.專用的

institionalised a.制度化的

commodity n.商品

income n.收入

quote v.引用

valid a.有效的

domestic a.國內的

1. Once theexclusive province of the wealthy, travel and tourism have become aninstitutionalised way of life for most of the population.

譯文：旅遊業曾經是富人們的特權，而現在已經變成大多數人們習以為常的一種生活方式了。

2.According tothe World Travel and Tourism Council (1992), 『Travel and tourism is the largestindustry in the world on virtually any economic measure including value-addedcapital investment, employment and tax contributions』.

譯文：根據世界觀光旅遊委員會（1992）的說法，「旅遊觀光業無論從哪種經濟指標來衡量都是世界上最大的產業，這些指標中包括增值資本投資、就業和稅收貢獻」。

3. In addition,Hawkins and Ritchie, quoting from data published by the American ExpressCompany, suggesting that the travel and tourism industry is the number oneranked employer in the Bahamas, Brazil, Canada, France, (the former) WestGermany, Hong Kong, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Singapore.

譯文：此外，Hawkins和Ritchie引用了美國運通公司所發布的數據稱，旅遊觀光業在巴哈馬、巴西、加拿大、法國、（前）西德、中國香港、義大利、牙買加、日本、新加坡、英國和美國都是排名第一的就業行業。

劍10Test3 Passage 2Autumnleaves秋天的葉子

A段

captivating a.迷人的，有魅力的

magnificent a.華麗的

B段

chlorophyll n.葉綠素

molecule n.分子

hemisphere n.半球

evergreen a.常綠的

conifer n.針葉林

photosynthesis n.光合作用

redundant a.多餘的

precious a.珍貴的

dismantle v.拆除

valuable a.有價值的

nitrogen n.氮

unmask a.揭露

maple n.楓樹

sumac n.漆樹

C段

anthocyanin n.花青素

spectrum n.光譜

flavonoid n.黃酮類

mint v.鑄造

D段

tolerance n.容忍

outweigh v.超過

anti-herbivore a.抗蚜的

Anti-fungal a.抗菌的

E段

insect n.害蟲

robust a.強健的

defense n.防衛

duller a.獃滯的

F段

paradox n.悖論

supreme a.最高的

pigment n.色素

salvage v.搶救

G段

exquisite a.精緻的

overwhelm v.淹沒，壓倒

nutrient a.營養的

deficiency n.缺陷

oversensitivity n.過敏

vulnerable a.易受傷害的

H段

suspect v.懷疑

clue n.線索

I段

spectacular a.壯觀的

1. Some theories about anthocyanins have arguedthat they might act as a chemical defence against attacks by insects or fungi,or that they might attract fruit-eating birds or increase a leaf』s tolerance tofreezing.

2. However, there are problems with each of thesetheories, including the fact that leaves are red for such a relatively short periodthat the expense of energy needed to manufacture the anthocyanins wouldoutweigh any anti-fungal or anti-herbivore activity achieved.

劍10Test3 Passage 3Beyond the blue horizon超越藍色地平線

第一段

archaeological adj.考古學的

seafaring adj.航海的

ancestor n.祖先

plantation n.種植園

derelict adj.廢棄了的

cemetery n.墓地、公墓

scrape v.刮、擦

remain(s) n.殘骸

第二段

pioneer n.先鋒

livestock n.家畜

rove v.流浪

stretch v.伸展、展開、延伸

第三段

clue n.線索

burial urn n.骨灰瓮

uncover v.發現

conclusively adv.令人信服地、確鑿地

identify v.識別

第四段

puzzling adj.傷腦筋的

anthropology n.人類學

migration n.遷徙

represent v.代表

descendant n.後代、後裔

第五段

stubborn adj.頑固的、棘手的

equivalent adj.與……相當的、相等的

canoes n.獨木舟

rigging n.繩索、裝備

oral adj.口頭的、口述的

insight n.洞悉

第六段

mariner n.海員

archipelago n.群島

horizon n.地平線

distinguish v.區分、區別

第七段

thrust n.猛衝、推力

prevailing adj.主要的、盛行的

nagging adj.挑剔的、使人不得安寧的

swift adj.迅速的

detect v.查明、發覺到

twig n.細樹枝

indicate v.象徵、暗示

第八段

overshooting n.言過其實

intervisible adj.可通視的

backstop n.增援

第九段

presuppose v.預設、預先假定

prehistory n.史前時期

第十段

El Ni?o n.厄爾尼諾現象

disruption n.分裂、瓦解

scatter v.散布、散播

coral n.珊瑚、珊瑚礁

expansion n.擴張

reverse v.使……反轉

第十一段

quit v.離開、放棄

thinly adv.稀疏地、勉強地

venture v.冒險、前進

emptiness n.空白、空虛

encounter v.遇見、邂逅

1. Nor do the oral histories and traditions oflater Polynesians offer any insights, for they turn into myths long before theyreach as far back in time as the Lapita.

譯文：後世波利尼西亞人的口頭歷史和傳統也並未提供任何線索，因為早在它們能夠追溯到Lapita人那個遙遠時代之前就已經經過了太多演繹變形，成了神話傳說。

2.Once out there, skilled seafarers would havedetected abundant leads to follow to land: seabirds, coconuts and twigs carriedout to sea by the tides, and the afternoon pile-up of clouds on the horizonwhich often indicates an island in the distance.

譯文：一旦身處外海，有經驗的航海者們必定可以觀察到充足的線索來追隨著回到陸地：海鳥，被浪潮沖刷到海中的椰子和小樹枝，以及下午時分地平線上空堆疊起來的雲層——通常意味著遠處有座島嶼。

3. By reversing the regular east-to-west flow of thetrade winds for weeks at a time, these super EI Ninos might have taken theLapita on long unplanned voyages.

譯文：通過每次延續好幾周時間逆轉了通常從東到西的信風吹動方向，這些「超級厄爾尼諾」有可能帶著Lapita人進行了事先並無計劃的長期航行。

劍10Test 4 Passage 1

The megafires of California加州超級大火

1.One explanation for thetrend to more superhot fires is that the region, which usually has dry summers,has had significantly below normal precipitation in many recent years.

譯文：對於超大火災愈演愈烈這種趨勢的一個解釋是：該地區通常在夏季很乾燥，而在近些年裡其降水量更是嚴重低於以往正常值。

2.There is a sense among bothgovernment officials and residents that the speed, dedication, and coordinatorof firefighters from several states and jurisdictions are resulting in greaterefficiency than in past siege fire situations.

譯文：政府官員和當地居民都有這樣的感覺：來自幾個州和轄區的消防員的速度、投入與合作構成了比先前「圍攻大火」情形下更高的救災效率。

3.Notwithstanding all thedamage that will continue to be caused by wildfires, we will no longer sufferthe loss of life endured in the pat because of the fire prevention andfirefighting measures that have been put in place, he says.

譯文：「拋開野火必定會持續造成的破壞不談，至少我們將不再遭受過去所經歷過的生命損失了，這都是火警預防措施到位的結果，」他說。

劍10Test 4 Passage 2

Second nature第二天性

1.The new manager wasintimidating staff so Pedleose carefully recorded each instance of bullying andeventually took the evidence to a senior director, knowing his own job securitywould be threatened.

譯文：新上任的經理總是威嚇員工，因此Pedeleose仔細記錄下每次欺凌事件並最終將證據交給了一位職位更高的主管，同時也明白他自己的職位安全性將受威脅。

2.On campus, he quickly foundthat beyond ordinary counselling, the university had no services for studentswho were undergoing physical rehabilitation and suffering from depression likehim.

譯文：在大學校園裡，他很快發現除了常規諮詢外，他的學校沒有沒有為像他一樣正在經歷著身體復鍵並飽受抑鬱之苦的學生提供服務。

3. Many of her students saidthat faced with a risky situation, they first tried to calm themselves down,then looked for a way to mitigate the danger, just as Pedeleose did bydocumenting his allegations.

譯文：她的許多學生都說，在面對某個存在風險的境況時，他們首先會嘗試著讓自己冷靜下來，然後再去尋求降低危險的途徑，正如Pedeleose通過記錄他的指控證據所做到的那樣。

劍10Test 4 Passage 3

When evolution runs backwards當進化向後退的時候

1.Evolution isn』t supposed torun backwards – yet an increasing number of examples show that it does and thatit can sometimes represent the future of aa species.

譯文：進化不應該向後退的——然而，有越來越多的例子顯示：它確實會後退，而且有時候這還代表著一個物種的未來。

2.The word has uglyconnotations thanks largely to Cesare Lombroso, a 19thcentury Italianmedic who argued that criminals were born not made and could be identified bycertain physical features that were throwbacks to a primitive, sub-human state.

譯文：這個詞的暗示含義很不好，這在很大程度上要拜一位19世紀的義大利醫生Cesare Lombroso所賜，他認為犯罪在出生的時候就並未發育完整，可以通過某些生理特徵來辨認他們，而這些特徵就是向原始的、低於人類級別狀態的退化。

3.One possibility is that thesetraits are lost and then simply reappear, in much the same way that similarstructures can independently arise in unrelated species, such as the dorsalfins of sharks and killer whales.

譯文：可能性之一是：這些特徵先是喪失，然後僅僅就是又重新出現了而已，就好像彼此完全無關的物種身上會獨立地各自出現相似的結構，例如鯊魚和虎鯨的背鰭。

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