喝酒能大幅提高心血管疾病發病率,即使「小酌」也依然存在影響。
喝酒會使預期壽命縮短,縮短的程度和酒量呈正比,與性別無關。
酒精是一級致癌物,能明確增加多種癌症的發病率,而且很難制定「安全劑量」。
Wood, Angela M., et al. "Risk thresholds for alcohol consumption: combined analysis of individual-participant data for 599 912 current drinkers in 83 prospective studies." The Lancet 391.10129 (2018): 1513-1523.
https://www.asco.org/about-asco/press-center/news-releases/statement-alcohol-linked-to-cancer-november-2017
IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. Alcohol consumption and ethyl carbamateExit Disclaimer. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks in Humans 2010;96:3-1383.
https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/alcohol/alcohol-fact-sheet