研學堂:每日一句第39句
研友說:句子太長,不方便學習。
堂主未來近60日的每日一句均出自02年——04年真題,
建議研友從網盤群堂主推薦里列印下來,
效果更佳。
今日重點:例證題練習
①Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned or made illegal.②But one insidious form continues to thrive: alphabetism. This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.
③It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories.④Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zo? Zysman.⑤English names are fairly evenly spread between the halves of the alphabet.⑥Yet a suspiciously large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K.
26. What does the author intend to illustrate with AAAA cars and Zodiac cars?
[A] A kind of overlooked inequality.
[B] A type of conspicuous bias.
[C] A type of personal prejudice.
[D] A kind of brand discrimination.
【核心辭彙】
1、discrimination n.歧視
2、condemn v.譴責
3、insidious adj.隱伏的、隱藏的
4、thrive v.繁榮、興旺
5、suspicious adj.可疑的
6、overlook v.忽視
7、conspicuous adj.明顯的、顯而易見的
8、prejudice n.偏見
【長難句子分析】
This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.
(慢慢你們會發現,長難句往往是答案句)
1、確定主幹
This refers to discrimination against those.
2、切分成分
3、獨立成句
①This refers to discrimination against those.
這在這些(方面)涉及歧視。
②for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage,
至今對於這些還沒有意識到劣勢(的人)來說。
(as yet是一個時間狀語,放任何位置都可以。)
③those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.
在字母表後半部分,他們的姓氏開始於第一個字母(姓氏首字母)
4、調整語序
對於那些還不了解這種劣勢的人來說,它指的是對姓氏首字母位於字母表後半部分的人的歧視。
【段落大意】
①在過去的一個世紀里,各種各樣的不公平和歧視都被譴責或被定為非法。②但一種隱蔽的形式仍在蓬勃發展:字母排序。對於那些還沒有意識到這種劣勢的人來說,這指的是對那些姓氏首字母在字母表後半部的人的歧視。③長期以來,人們都知道,當顧客翻閱他們的電話簿時,一家名為AAAA汽車的計程車公司比Z開頭的計程車公司有很大的優勢。④不太為人所知的是A這個人在生活中對Z的優勢。⑤英語的名字在兩種語言之間的分布很均勻⑥然而,有大量的高層人士的姓氏以字母開頭的字母開頭。
【何凱文閱讀分析】
1、題型:例證題
看到題干有illustrate關鍵詞,立刻判定為例證題。
2、定位
例子不作為定位句,所以③④⑤⑥句不是定位句。
定位句為:②句
為什麼不是①句么?
答:②句前面有個but,but前面內容與but後面內容沒有關係。
3、替換
第一種替換方式:
A:But one insidious form continues to thrive
一種潛在的形式繼續繁榮
B:A kind of overlooked inequality.
一種被忽視的不平等。
form與inequality.形成同義替換;insidious與overlooked形成同義替換。
(同近義替換)
第二種替換方式:
A:alphabetism. This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.
B:A kind of overlooked inequality.
(上下義同義替換)
B是對A的總結。
4、排除
D:關鍵詞brand品牌
明顯提到的是例子,首先排除D。
B:關鍵詞conspicuous顯而易見,
看到這裡,
A kind of overlooked inequality. 一種被忽視的不公平
A type of conspicuous bias.一種顯而易見的歧視
AB互為相反選項,它倆屬於「捆綁效應」,一個對,另一個一定錯。
【做題經驗】
1、一道題,如果有互為相反的兩個選項,正確選項往往在其中。
C:抓關鍵詞「personal」
在②句中,找不到任何關於personal的同義替換、反義替換。
【命題人為什麼命制該干擾選項】
Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zo? Zysman.應該是看到這句話,提出一個干擾選項:personal
但是,我們做題時,只要判定選項和定位句沒有關係,直接排除。
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