劍橋領軍 他們想給AI裝黑匣子

劍橋領軍

他們想給AI裝黑匣子

The University of Oxford is to play a central role in ground-breaking new research intended to make future artificial intelligence (AI) systems more transparent and accountable.

旨在使未來的人工智慧 (AI) 系統更加透明的突破性新研究啟動，牛津大學將在其中發揮關鍵作用。

In collaboration with the Universities of Aberdeen and Cambridge, Oxford will develop auditing systems akin to 『black box』 flight recorders for AI systems.

牛津大學將與香港仔和劍橋的各高校合作, 開發類似於 AI 系統的 "黑匣子" 飛行記錄器的審計系統。

The Realising Accountable Intelligent Systems (RAInS) project is a multi-disciplinary initiative running in collaboration between the three universities. Backed by ￡1.1 million Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) funding, the project is a direct response to the EPSRC"s 2017 call for research to further the understanding of Trust, Identity, Privacy and Security (TIPS) issues in the Digital Economy.

「讓智能系統可靠」項目(RAInS) 項目是三所大學合作的多學科倡議。工程和物理科學研究理事會 (EPSRC) 資助該項目110萬英鎊, 該項目是 EPSRC 2017號召進學界一步加強有關數字經濟中信任, 身份, 隱私和安全 (TIPS) 問題研究的直接響應。

Working with the public, the legal profession and technology companies, RAInS aims to create prototype solutions to allow developers to provide secure, tamper-proof records of intelligent systems』 characteristics and behaviours.

在與公眾、法律界和科技公司的合作下, 為了使開發人員能夠對智能系統特性和行為進行安全、防篡改記錄的操作，RAInS想要創建一個相關解決方案的原型 。

These records can then be shared with relevant authorities and in the event of incidents or complaints, further analysed to ensure transparency and accountability in future AI systems.

這些記錄可與有關當局分享, 並在發生事件或投訴時, 為相關人員進一步分析提供數據支持, 以確保未來 AI 系統的透明度和可問責性。

Professor Rebecca Williams, Professor of Public Law and Criminal Law at Oxford』s Law Faculty, will work on the project with Dr Jat Singh from the University of Cambridge, which will be led by Professor Pete Edwards from the University of Aberdeen.

牛津大學法律系的公法和刑法學Rebecca Williams教授將與來自阿伯丁大學的Jat Singh 博士一起研究該項目。

Professor Williams commented: 『I am hugely excited to be involved in this project. From a legal perspective the transparency and accountability of these systems is vital.

Williams教授評論說: "能參與這個項目我非常興奮。從法律角度看, 制度的透明度和可問責性是至關重要的。

『My role will be to identify the challenges to the existing law posed by new technology of this kind, and to think about how the law can respond. Regulation of some kind will obviously be necessary, but it』s important to think about how the law can best incentivise optimal use of these systems so that we can reap the benefits they offer, while also maintaining transparency and thus fairness.

「我的角色將是找出這類新技術對現行法律所構成的挑戰, 並考慮法律如何作出彗星。對某些種類的監管顯然是必要的, 但重要的是要考慮法律如何能夠最好地激勵這些制度的最佳使用, 以便我們能夠獲得他們提供的好處, 同時也保持透明度和公平性。」

Professor Edwards commented: 『AI technologies are being utilised in more and more scenarios including autonomous vehicles, smart home appliances, public services, retail and manufacturing. But what happens when such systems fail, as in the case of recent high-profile accidents involving autonomous vehicles?

Edwards教授評論說: "在自主車輛、智能家電、公共服務、零售和製造業的場景中，AI 技術正在得到越來越多的應用。但是, 就像最近發生的備受關注的自動駕駛車輛的事故一樣，當這種系統出現故障時怎麼辦？」

Professor Williams added: 『Ultimately our ambition is to create a means by which the developer of an intelligent system can provide a secure, tamper-proof record of the system"s characteristics and behaviours that can be shared - under controlled circumstances - with relevant authorities in the event of an incident or complaint.』

Williams教授補充道: "我們最終的目標是創造一種手段, 使智能系統的開發者能夠在受控環境下, 對系統的特徵和行為進行安全、防篡改的記錄，這樣在發生意外或投訴時，開發者與有關當局有數據可查詢。」

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