哈佛「歧視亞裔」被告上法庭 各執一詞又現羅生門
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非營利組織「學生公平入學」將哈佛告上法庭，稱哈佛刻意壓低了亞裔學生的「個性」評分，限制亞裔學生的入學率，重現了20世紀初對猶太人的歧視行為。哈佛則持反對意見，認為構建一個種族多元化的學生群體有利於提高教育效益。
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Harvard University, the 388-year-old institution, is being sued by Students for Fair Admissions, an action group, for discriminating against Asian applicants.
因為歧視亞裔申請人，哈佛大學這所享有388年歷史的學府被行動組織「學生公平入學」告上了法庭。
The case of Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard was initiated by Edward Blum, a conservative advocate who has long foughtaffirmative actionthat gives blacks and Hispanics a boost. In previous lawsuits, such as against the University of Texas, Blum enlisted white students asplaintiffs. This is the first effort using Asian-Americans and this first major case against a private university.
「學生公平入學」組織與哈佛大學之間的訴訟是由愛德華·布魯姆發起的。愛德華·布魯姆是一名保守派擁護者，他一直以來都致力於推動黑人和西班牙裔的平權運動。在之前的訴訟中，例如對德克薩斯大學的起訴，布魯姆一直以白人學生為原告。這是首次以亞裔美國人為原告提起的訴訟，同時也是第一起針對私立大學的重大訴訟。
①affirmative action積極區別對待政策（對因種族、性別等原因遭歧視的群體在就業等方面給予特別照顧）
例句：So India is trying to engineer advancement for its underclass through a vast and growing affirmative-action program.
因此，印度正試圖通過一項廣泛並不斷擴大的平權行動計劃來推動貧困階層的發展。
②plaintiff["ple?nt?f] n. 原告；起訴人
例句：Shakespeare himself was also involved in a number of legal proceedings, as a land buyer, a moneylender, a witness, and a plaintiff.
莎翁自己也參與了幾場訴訟，先後作為一個土地購買人、貸款人、證人和原告。
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The group commissioned an analysis of more than 160,000 applicants who applied for admission from 2000 to 2015, which showed that Asians were given lower scores on 「personality」 traits -likability, courage, kindness and being 「widely respected」.
該組織委託對2000年至2015年間申請入學的多於16萬名申請人進行了分析，結果顯示亞裔在「個性」特點這一項上的得分較低，「個性特點」包括親善力、勇敢、善良和「廣受尊敬」。
It argues that if admitted on academic merit alone, the intake of Asian students at theprestigiousuniversity would be much higher.
該組織辯稱，如果僅憑學術成績作為入學標準，亞裔學生進入這所著名大學的人數將會更多。
③likability[?la?k?"b?l?t?]n. 可愛
例句：Mr. Ryan"s charms have also worked on Democrats, but only to a point. Likability does not translate to agreeability.
民主黨人也受到了瑞安魅力的影響，不過作用有限。討人喜歡並不能轉化為令人接受。
④prestigious[pre"st?d??s] adj. 有威望的；聲譽高的
例句：She does exceedingly well in her studies and should have no problem being admitted to a prestigious university.
她成績這麼優秀，可以說考上一所名牌大學是沒問題的。
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Each Harvard applicant is given four component ratings - academic, extracurricular, athletic and personal - and an overall score that is assigned by taking all factors into account. Within each category, applicants are scored on a scale from one to six, with one being the best. Admissions decisions are made by a 40-person committee vote.
每位哈佛大學的申請者都要進行四個方面的評分，包括學業、課外活動、運動和個性四類，並綜合考慮所有因素後得出一個總分。在每個類別中，申請者的評分等級從1-6，其中「1」是最好的。最後是否能入學要由一個40人組成的委員會投票決定。
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The plaintiffs found in their analysis that Asian-American applicants have higher academic and extracurricular scores than any other racial group. However, Harvard』s admissions officers assign Asian-Americans the lowest score of any racial group on the personal rating, which includes a subjective assessment of character traits such as whether the student has a 「positive personality,」 the plaintiffs said.
原告在他們的分析中發現，亞裔美國人申請者的學業和課外活動分數高於其他任何種族群體。然而，哈佛大學招生負責人給亞裔美國人打的個性評級分數比其他種族群體都要低，這其中包括對性格特徵的一個主觀評估，例如學生是否具有「積極人格」，原告這樣說。
雙方申訴
「學生公平入學」組織
「學生公平入學」組織認為，「個性」的考察帶有大量主觀因素，是哈佛在錄取過程中實行「種族配額」制度的手段。
Edward Blum, a legal strategist who founded the group, issued a statement saying his group"s filing "exposes thestartlingmagnitude of Harvard"s discrimination." In a federal court filing June 15th in Boston, lawyers for the student group also asserted that while Harvard has a bias against Asian-Americans, it shows adisproportionatepreference for black and Hispanic applicants.
創辦了該組織的法律分析師愛德華·布魯姆發表聲明說，他所在組織提交的卷宗「暴露了哈佛大學驚人的歧視程度」。6月15日在波士頓提交的一份聯邦法院文件中，該學生組織的律師也聲稱，在哈佛大學對亞裔美國人有偏見的同時，他們還對黑人和西班牙裔申請人表現出了過分的偏好。
⑤startling["stɑ?(r)t(?)l??] adj. 驚人的；讓人震驚的
例句：Sometimes the results may be rather startling.
有時結果可能相當驚人。
⑥disproportionate[.d?spr?"p??(r)?(?)n?t] adj. 不成比例的；不相稱的
例句：There is a disproportionately high suicide rate among prisoners facing very long sentences.
特長刑期的犯人中自殺率高得不成比例。
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"What Harvard will not admit," Students for Fair Admissions said, "is that race is not only an important factor, it is the dominant consideration in admitting Hispanics and African-Americans. An Asian-American applicant with 25% chance of admission, for example, would have a 35% chance if he were white, 75% if he were Hispanic, and 95% chance if he were African-American."
「學生公平入學」組織稱：「哈佛大學不會承認，在錄取西班牙裔和非裔美國人時，種族不僅是一個重要的因素，它事實上是主導性的考慮因素。例如，當一個亞裔美國人有25%的幾率能夠入學時，如果他是白人，他將會有35%的幾率；如果他是西班牙裔，他會有75%的幾率；而如果他是非裔美國人，他將有95%的幾率。」
Asian-American students now make up nearly 23% of admitted students. African-Americans constitute 15%, Latinos 12.2%. A category of all others, mainly white students, is 50%.
在當前被錄取的學生中，亞裔美國人占將近23%，非裔美國人佔15%，拉美裔佔12.2%，其他種族——主要是白人學生——佔50%。
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哈佛大學
哈佛方面堅持稱錄取過程並不存在「種族歧視」，並指出亞裔學生的錄取比例在過去十年中一直在升高。而哈佛只是在試圖創建一個多元化的學生群體。
Harvardblastedthe study in an opposing court filing and submitted a countering study that found no evidence of bias. In a statement, the school called the lawsuit an attack on its ability to consider race in admissions, which it says is necessary to gather a racially diverse mix of students.
哈佛大學在提出反對的法庭文件中抨擊了這項研究，並提交了一份相反的研究報告，表明沒有證據顯示其存在偏見。在一份聲明中，該學校稱這次訴訟是針對其在入學方面考慮種族群體能力的一次攻擊，該校稱構成一個種族多元化的學生群體是必要的。
⑦blast[blɑ?st]n./v. 爆炸；轟鳴（尤指音樂）；嚴厲批評
例句：The deadly suicide blast took place in a remote northwestern village near the Pakistani town of Lakki Marwat.
這起致命自殺式炸彈爆炸發生在巴基斯坦西北部城鎮勒基馬瓦附近的一個偏遠村莊。
Screenshot: harvard.edu
"Harvard will continue to vigorously defend our right, and that of other colleges and universities nationwide, to seek the educational benefits that come from a class that is diverse on multiple dimensions," the school said. Harvard said that no statistical analysis could determine all the factors that go into the school』s admission process, according to The Times.
「哈佛大學會繼續大力捍衛我們、以及全國其他學院和大學的權利，即在不同維度上都具有多樣性的課堂所帶來的教育成果。」該學校表示。《泰晤士報》報道，哈佛大學表示沒有統計分析能夠判定學校錄取學生過程中的全部因素。
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在這場羅生門事件中，如果說歧視，在讀亞裔學生數量僅次於白人，如果說沒有歧視，亞裔學生進入哈佛的難度確實是要比其他族群更高。
當區域或者族群的教育水平不一致，如何進行優質教育資源分配，確實是一個關係到每個人切身利益的敏感社會問題。考慮到區域、族群在教育水準上的差異性，並給予教育水平落後的區域、族群專門名額，這樣的做法是否是一種種族歧視？
此次案件的審判日期將定於今年十月。
Both sides filed motions for summary judgment on June 15th, even though US District Court Judge Allison Burroughs has signaled that she would not rule without a trial. She has set an October trial date.
儘管美國地方法院法官埃里森·巴勒斯表示她不會在沒有審判的情況下進行裁決，雙方均於6月15日提交了即決判決的動議。該法官已將審判日期定於今年十月。
註：即決判決（Summary Judgment），又稱為即決審判、簡易判決，是英美法系國家一種具有特色的民事訴訟制度，該制度允許法官可以不經開庭審理而直接對全部或者部分案件作出實體性的、有拘束力的判決。
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