2 Buddhas？1 Buddha！兩個佛陀？一個佛陀！
?rīmad-Bhāgavatam1.3.27，Los Angeles,
October 2, 1972
關於《聖典博伽瓦譚》1-3-27的講課，洛杉磯，1972年10月2日
So Vedic knowledge should be accepted as it is. Don"t try to comment. If you go on commenting with your teeny brain, then you will never be able to achieve the success. That is the process. Vedavān. I have given you several times this example, that in the Vedas it is said that cow dung is pure, although it is the stool of an animal. We accept: "Yes, it is pure." And actually you find, yes, it is pure. If you analyze, you"ll find all antiseptic properties. Now how in stool? Stool is septic. Septic tank, where has stool. But this stool isanti... It is practical. You can see. But wherefrom we get this information? From the Vedas. The knowledge received from the Vedas, there is no mistake. There is no illusion. It is perfect. Just like here, we have read the passage that four lakhs of years, 400,000"s of years after from this time, there will be incarnation of Kalki. His father"s name should beVi??uYa?ā. The place where He will appear, it is Sambhal. Everything is stated there. Now 400,000"s of years it will... LordBuddhaappeared 2,500 years after theBhagavatwas written. That"s came a fact.
所以Veda（韋達）知識應該被原本地接受。不要試圖去評註。如果你想通過你的小腦袋去寫評註，那麼你將永遠都不可能達到成功。那是程序，Vedavān（韋達萬）。我已經給你們好幾次這個例子了，在Veda經典文獻中記載牛糞是純凈的，儘管它是一種動物的糞便。我們就接受：「是的，它是純凈的。」而實際上你們會發現，是的，它是純凈。如果你去做實驗分析，你將會發現全都是防腐殺菌的屬性。那麼（普通）大便里呢？大便是腐敗之物。糞池裡，都是大便。但是這種糞便卻是防腐的……這是很實際的（例子），你們都能看得到的。但是我們又是從哪裡獲得這個信息的呢？從Veda（韋達）經典文獻中。從Veda（韋達）經典文獻中獲得的知識沒有錯誤。有幻像存在，但是Veda（韋達）經典是完美的。就好像這裡，我們已經讀到這一段，在這個40萬（多）年之後，將會有個一個叫Kalki（卡爾克伊）的化身。祂父親的名字將會是Vi??uYa?ā（維施努亞夏）。祂將顯現在一個叫Sambhal（香巴爾）的地方。所有的事情都陳述在那裡了。現在，40萬年將會……主佛陀顯現在這部《聖典博伽瓦譚》被編撰完成後的2500年，那也成為事實了。
【主佛陀顯現在Bhagavat被筆錄下來之後的2500年】
◎Gautama Buddha(c. 563/480 – c. 483/400 BCE), also known as Siddhārtha Gautama, Shakyamuni Buddha, or simply the Buddha, after the title ofBuddha, was an ascetic (?rama?a) andsage, on whose teachingsBuddhismwas founded.
喬達摩（高塔瑪）佛陀（公元前563/480~483/400），也是眾所周知的悉達多 喬達摩、釋迦牟尼佛，或者簡稱為佛陀。在「佛陀」的稱號之下，他是一位苦行者和聖人，而佛教的教誨就是由他建立的。
Lecture on CC Madhya-lila 20.367-84,New York,
December 31, 1966:
《永恆的主柴坦尼亞經》，中篇，20.367-84，紐約，1966年12月31日
So far Buddha is concerned, he"s also considered ?aktyāve?a avatāra. He preached this nirvā?a philosophy. Although he did not speak about God, because it is considered that he was himself God, but the people amongst whom he preached, they were mostly atheistic people; therefore he did not preach about God. But he did not deny also. He simply wanted to make extinction of this present worldly activities. That was, yes... Nirvā?a. And he represented the sacrifice of renouncement. He..., you may remember that the Supreme Personality of Godhead, out of His six opulences, one opulence is renouncement. So Lord Buddha"s life is renouncement. He was prince. He, he was in a very young time. He renounced the world and underwent severe penances. These are the symptoms by which we can understand that he"s also ?aktyāve?a avatāra. And the Bhagavad-gītā you"ll find, yad yad vibhūtimat sattva? mama tejo-"??a-sambhavam. Anyone, not only Lord Buddha or others, but anyone, Lord, in the Bhagavad-gītā it is stated, anyone who has got some extraordinary power, uncommon power, he"s to be considered vibhu. ?aktyāve?a avatāra, there are two kinds, one directly empowered for particular mission, comes from the transcendental spiritual sky, and others, those who are in this material world, but they have got some specific power, uncommon power, not found in ordinaryman. They are called vibhūti. This vibhūti (is) explained in the Bhagavad-gītā: yad yad vibhūtimat sattva? mama tejo-"??a sambhavam. That is out of the opulence of the Supreme Personality of Godhead.
既然提到「佛陀」，祂也被認為是一位?aktyāve?a avatāra（夏克提亞維夏阿瓦塔拉；能量灌注化身）。祂傳播「nirvā?a」（尼爾瓦納；涅槃）的哲學。儘管祂並沒有講述「神」，因為他自己就被認為是神，但是他所傳道的對象幾乎都是無神論的人群，因此祂不傳播有關神的知識。但是，他也沒有否認「神」。祂只是想要泯滅當前這種世俗的活動，那就是，是的……nirvā?a。並且祂作出了棄絕的犧牲。祂……，你們可能還記得至尊人格首神，祂的六種富裕，其中一種便是「棄絕」。所以主佛陀的一生世棄絕的。祂曾經是一位王子。在祂很年輕的時候，他就放棄了這個世界並且經歷了極大的苦行，通過這些徵象我們能夠理解他也是一個?aktyāve?a avatāra（能量灌注化身）。而在《博伽梵歌》（10-41）中你們也能找到，yad yad vibhūtimat sattva? mama tejo-"??a-sambhavam（你應該知道所有這一切都只不過是從我的光輝中躍起的一個火花）。任何人，不僅僅是主佛陀或者其他人，而是任何人，主在《博伽梵歌》中聲明，任何人如果擁有某種超凡的力量，不同尋常的力量，他都被認為是一個vibhu（維布）。?aktyāve?a avatāra（能量灌注化身）有兩種，一種是為了某個特殊的使命而一個靈魂被直接賜予力量，他來自於超然的靈性世界。而另一種，那些還在這個物質世界裡的普通人，他們被稱為vibhūti（維布提）。這個「vibhūti」在《博伽梵歌》中被解釋了：yad yad vibhūtimat sattva? mama tejo-"??a sambhavam。那也是出自於至尊人格首神的富裕。
【聖帕布帕德在這裡介紹主佛陀的力量源頭】
Letter to Madhusudana,Hawaii,
March10, 1969
寫給瑪度蘇丹納的信，夏威夷，1969年3月10日
There are manyimpersonalists and voidists—they renounced this material world very early in their life; just like Sankara Acarya. He took sannyasa at the age of 8 years. LordBuddha left home just in the beginning of his youth.
有許多非人格主義者和虛無主義者，他們在他們生命非常早的時期就棄絕了這個物質世界。就好像Sankara Acarya（商羯羅）。他在8歲的時候就接受了sannyasa（薩尼亞薩，棄絕階層）。主佛陀也在他年輕的時候離開了家庭。
……
For each and every incarnation of Godhead the descriptions in the scriptures are given about His features and programme of work. As such the description of Lord Buddha"s appearance is given as He would be the son ofAnjanain the province ofGayaand the description of His programme of work is stated to be bewildering the atheistic public. LordBuddhais said to be the son ofAjinasomewhere or He is Himself theAjinaand there is almost the same philosophy of Ahimsa (non-violence) both in Buddhism and Jainism. Lord Mahabir is the originator of Jainism and His appearance date is almost the same as that of LordBuddha. So there is almost a great proximity between these two system of faiths.
對於每一位至尊人格首神的化身，在經典的描述中都給出了有關祂的形象和活動程序的信息。有關主佛陀顯現的描述也被給出，祂將作為Anjana（安佳納）的兒子，（活躍於）在Gaya（嘎亞）省，並且關於祂的活動的描述是這樣陳述的，去迷惑無神論的大眾。據說在某處主佛陀被稱為是Ajina（阿吉納）的兒子，或者祂自己就是Ajina（阿吉納），而且佛教和耆那教兩者都講述幾乎相同的Ahimsa（非暴力）的哲學。主Mahabir（=Mahavira，瑪哈維拉）是耆那教的創建者，而且它的顯現日期幾乎與主佛陀相同。所以這兩種信仰系統存在著很大的相同性。
【很明顯，聖帕布帕德一直在討論的主佛陀指的是與Lord Mahabir同一時代的「佛陀」】
◎...it is believed that Mahavira was born in the early part of the 6th century BC into a royal family in what is nowBihar,India.
……據信Mahavira（瑪哈維拉；大雄）於公元前6世紀的早期，出生在一個皇室家族中，位於現今印度的Bihar（比哈爾）邦。
◎Scholars are hesitant to make unqualified claims about the historical facts of the Buddha"s life. Most people accept that the Buddha lived, taught, and founded a monastic order during theMahajanapadaera during the reign ofBimbisara(c.?558 – c.?491 BCE, or c. 400 BCE),the ruler of theMagadhaempire, and died during the early years of the reign ofAjatasatru, who was the successor of Bimbisara, thus making him a younger contemporary ofMahavira, the Jaintirthankara.
學者們對於佛陀一生的歷史事實給予毫無保留的斷言表示出猶豫。大多數人們接受佛陀生活、教誨和建立一個秩序的僧侶團隊在Mahajanapada（瑪哈迦納帕達）時期，在Bimbisara（畢姆比薩拉）的統治時期（公元前558~491年，或者公元前400年前），即Magadha（瑪嘎達）帝國的統治者。而佛陀的離世大約在Ajatasatru（阿佳塔薩特魯）統治的早期，後者是Bimbisara（畢姆比薩拉）的繼承者，這樣令他（佛陀）成為一個與Mahavira（瑪哈維拉；大雄），即耆那教的tirthankara（提爾坦卡拉，一個征服了生死輪迴的人），同時代的年輕人。
Letter to: Sudama Surat,
30 December, 1970
寫給Sudama Surat的信，1970年12月30日
Your temple can be named as NewGaya.Gayais the province where LordBuddhaflourished.Japanis Buddhist country and we accept LordBuddhaas incarnation of God.
你們的廟宇可以被命名為「新嘎亞」。Gaya（嘎亞）就是主佛陀曾經活躍的省份。日本是一個佛教國家，而我們將主佛陀接受為是神的化身。
【聖帕布帕德提及Gaya。】
Room Conversation,Bhuvane?vara,
January 27, 1977
室內對話，布瓦內希瓦拉（奧里薩邦，印度），1977年1月27日
Then how you can be helped?K???asays, the speaker of Bhagavad-gītā, that "I told him," and you do not take it. You take another rascal. Then who will guide you? You remain rascal. What can be done? ?a?karācārya may be seventeen hundred years.Buddhais two hundred and fifty. And Bhagavad-gītā, five thousand years ago, this Bhagavad-gītā... And before that,puru?a, forty millions of years ago... If you don"t believe Bhagavad-gītā, then don"t talk of Bhagavad-gītā.
那麼你又怎能被幫助呢？Krishna（奎師那）——《博伽梵歌》的講述者說了：「我告訴他」，而你卻不接受。你接受另外一個無賴，那麼誰能指導你？你也成為一個無賴。那（我）能做什麼？?a?karācārya（商羯羅）可能顯現在1700年前，佛陀顯現在2500年前。而《博伽梵歌》則顯現在5000年前，這部《博伽梵歌》……而在那之前，puru?a（普如沙；至尊主人）4000萬年之前……如果你不相信《博伽梵歌》，那麼就不要談論《博伽梵歌》。
【聖帕布帕德明確提及佛陀顯現的年代】
Room Conversation with Dai Nippon,Tokyo,
April 22, 1972
與大日本印務公司代表的室內談話，東京，
1972年4月22日
SrilaPrabhupāda: I have explainedK???a, as good as LordBuddha. (Japanese) You don"t go to India to see the birth place of LordBuddha? You do not go? InKapila-vastu.Kapila-vastu, on the valley ofHimalaya. LordBuddhawas prince.
聖帕布帕德：我已經解釋過了Krishna（奎師那），和主佛陀一樣好。（日語）你沒有去過印度看一看主佛陀的出生地么？你不去嗎？在Kapila-vastu（卡皮拉瓦斯圖）。Kapila-vastu在喜馬拉雅山山谷中。主佛陀曾經是一個王子。
Dai Nippon representative: Yes. Yes. He was.
大日本印務公司代表：是的，是的，他曾經是。
SrilaPrabhupāda: Yes. So many Buddhists pilgrims, they go to see. And there is onestūpa,stūpa. Buddhiststūpa. What do you call in Japanese, that dome?
聖帕布帕德：是的。有那麼多的佛教徒去朝聖，他們去看。在那裡還有一個stūpa（斯圖帕，墓冢），stūpa。佛教的stūpa。在日語里你們怎麼稱呼？墳冢？
【聖帕布帕德明確提及佛陀顯現的「出生地」】
◎Kapilavastu was an ancient city on theIndian subcontinentwhich was the capital ofShakya. King?uddhodanaandQueen Māyāare believed to have lived at Kapilavastu, as did their son Prince Siddartha Gautama until heleft the palaceat the age of 29.Buddhist textssuch as thePāli Canonclaim that Kapilavastu was the childhood home ofGautama Buddha, on account of it being the capital of theShakyas, over whom his father ruled. Kapilavastu is the place where Siddhartha Gautama spent his 29 years of his life.
Kapilavastu（卡皮拉瓦斯圖）是印度次大陸的一座古城，曾經是Shakya（釋迦）果的首府。國王?uddhodana（修都達納）和王后Māyā（瑪雅）被認為曾經居住在Kapilavastu，他們的兒子Siddartha Gautama（悉達多喬達摩）也曾經生活在那裡知道在他29歲的時候離開了王宮。諸如Pāli Canon（巴利經文）的佛教經文聲稱Kapilavastu曾經是Siddartha Gautama兒童時代的故鄉，由於那裡也是Shakya族人的首府，在他父親的統治之下。Kapilavastu曾經就是Siddartha Gautama度過了他29年生命的地方。
◎Bodh Gaya;Kushinagar;Lumbini;Sarnath-- The Four Main Sites
菩提伽耶，拘屍那迦，藍毗尼，鹿野苑——佛教四大聖地
Lecture Excerpt,New York,
April 11, 1969
專家演講，紐約，1969年4月11日
They have acceptedK???athe Supreme Person... Even ?a?karācārya. ?a?karācārya is more than one thousand years ago. ?a?karācārya"s time is just after Buddha"s age.Buddha, 2,500. ?a?karācārya, about 1,500 years ago. He also accepted.
他們已經接受Krishna（奎師那）為至尊人格……甚至是?a?karācārya（商羯羅）。?a?karācārya（商羯羅）顯現在大約1000多年前。?a?karācārya（商羯羅）的時代正好在佛陀的時代之後。佛陀，在2500年前。?a?karācārya（商羯羅），在大約1500年前。他也接受（Krishna是至尊人格首神）。
【聖帕布帕德明確提及佛陀顯現的時間】
Lord Varāha"s Appearance Day Lecture
/Dasāvatāra-stotraPurport,Los Angeles,
February 18, 1970
主瓦拉哈顯現日的演講/《Dasāvatāra-stotra》的要旨，
洛杉磯，1970年2月18日
That is predicted in the Vedic literatures, as Lord Buddha"s appearance was also predicted in the ?rīmad-Bhāgavatam. And ?rīmad-Bhāgavatamwas compiled five thousand years ago, and LordBuddhaappeared about 2,500 years ago. Therefore about Lord Buddha"s appearance it is predicted that at the beginning ofKali-yugaLordBuddhawill appear. There was prediction, and that has actually come to be true.
那一點被Veda（韋達）經典文獻預言了，作為主佛陀的顯現也被《聖典博伽瓦譚》所預言了。而《聖典博伽瓦譚》編撰於5000年前，而主佛陀則顯現在大約2500年前。因此，關於主佛陀的顯現已在Kali（卡利）年代的一開始已經被預言了。預言在那裡，而且那已成為了事實。
【主佛陀顯現在2500年前】
?rīmad-Bhāgavatam6.1.40, Surat,
December 22, 1970
《聖典博伽瓦譚》6-1-40，蘇拉特（古吉拉特邦，印度），1970年12月22日
SrilaPrabhupāda: Yes. LordBuddhawas patronized by the then emperor, Ashoka. And anything patronized by the state, it becomes very popular.Yadyadācarati?re??ha?lokastadanuvartate[Bg.3.21]. So LordBuddhaconverted Ashoka, Emperor Ashoka, to this religion. Therefore whole India became Buddhist. And later on, when Buddhism was driven out of India, the Jainism and similar other religious principles became visible.
聖帕布帕德：是的，主佛陀（佛教）被後來的阿育國王所資助。由於得到國家的保護，所以佛教變得非常普及。Yadyadācarati?re??ha?lokastadanuvartate（《博伽梵歌》3-21）。所以主佛陀轉化了Ashoka（阿修卡，阿育），阿育王，到這個宗教中。因此整個印度變成了佛教的國度。而後來，當佛教被驅逐出印度，耆那教和其他類似的宗教的原則才變得受人關注了。
...
Revatīnandana: You were saying LordBuddhagave impetus to Buddhism by converting the Emperor Ashoka. What is...?
雷瓦提南達納：您剛才是說主佛陀通過轉化阿育國王來給予佛教以動力。什麼是……？
SrilaPrabhupāda: No, no. LordBuddha, of course, did not come to convert... Ashoka liked it, that"s all.
聖帕布帕德：不，不，主佛陀，當然，他沒有轉變……（阿育王），是阿育王喜歡佛教，是這樣。
【聖帕布帕德陳述佛教與阿育王的關係/ 歷史上從來都沒有記載阿育王從兩種佛教中選擇了一種來弘揚】
?rīmad-Bhāgavatam6.1.7,SanFrancisco,
March 1, 1967
《聖典博伽瓦譚》6-1-7，舊金山，1967年3月1日
In the beginning, just after the beginning of this age,kīka?e?u, in the province ofGayā... If you have gone to India, you will see still there is a place known asGayāin the province of Bihar. And LordBuddha, I mean to say, flourished himself in that part of the country. And it is indicated there thatkīka?e?ubhavi?yati, in future. And his mother"s name is also mentioned:a?jana-suta?. Lord Buddha"s mother"s name wasA?jana. He wasHindu,k?atriya, a prince. So everything is stated there. Similarly, the next incarnation at the end of thisKali-yugais also mentioned in theBhāgavata.
在一開始，就在這個年代的開始，kīka?e?u（克伊卡泰舒），在Gayā（嘎亞）省……如果你去過印度的話，你依然可以在Bihar（比哈爾）邦看到一個叫Gayā（嘎亞）的地方。而主佛陀，我的意思是，曾經活躍在這片地區。並且被表明在那裡，kīka?e?ubhavi?yati，在將來。而他的母親的名字也被提及：a?jana-suta?（安佳納蘇塔哈）。主佛陀母親的名字曾經是A?jana（安佳納）。他（佛陀）曾經也是印度教徒，剎帝利，一位王子。所以一切都被陳述（預言）在那裡了。同樣地，先一個化身將在這個Kali（卡利）年代末尾顯現，這也被記載在《聖典博伽瓦譚》（《博伽梵 往事書》）中。
【聖帕布帕德陳述佛教的顯現信息】
Bhagavad-gītā2.40-45,Los Angeles,
December 13, 1968
《博伽梵歌原意》2-40~45，洛杉磯，1968年12月13日
But LordBuddha, he was also princely order, and he was young man. He also gave up everything, his father"s kingdom, everything. That you know because LordBuddhais known at the present moment.
但是主佛陀，他也是一位太子，而且也是一個年輕人。他也放棄了一切，他父親的王國，所有的一切。你知道那是因為主佛陀現在是眾所周知的人物。
【聖帕布帕德評述的「佛陀」是眾所周知的】
Introduction to Bhagavad-gītāAs It Is,Los Angeles,
November 23, 1968
《博伽梵歌原意》的「介紹」部分，洛杉磯，1968年11月23日
LordBuddha, LordBuddhawas prince, but very young boy, at the age of twenty years or something like that, he gave up everything, his father"s kingdom. This is called renunciation.
主佛陀，主佛陀曾經是個王子，但是在非常年輕的時候，大概是在20歲左右的時候，他放棄了一切，包括他父親的王國。這就叫做「棄絕」。
【聖帕布帕德評述的「佛陀」是眾所周知的】
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