實驗室常用英文術語集錦
當你進入國外的實驗室之前,如果不能熟練掌握實驗過程中相關物品的英文名稱及讀音,你與同處一室的技術人員之間必將產生強烈的交流障礙,實驗效率也將因此大打折扣。對於口筆譯譯者來說,不斷積累各個領域的專業術語,可以讓自己的翻譯作品不斷滿足客戶的專業要求。特推出實驗室專業術語中英文對照。
容器與耗材 vessel & consumablematerial
小瓶vial
量杯measuring cup
燒杯beaker
量筒measuring flask/measuring cylinderer
坩堝crucible
坩堝鉗crucible clamp
試管test tube
漏斗funnel
比色皿cuvette
魚缸aquarium
燒瓶flask
錐形瓶conical flask
塞子stopper/plug
洗瓶plastic wash bottle
玻璃活塞stopcock
試劑瓶reagent bottles
玻棒glass rod
攪拌棒stirringrod
容量瓶volumetric flask/measuring flask
移液管(one-mark) pipette
吸液管pipette
濾器filter
濾紙filter paper
培養皿culture dish
移液槍pipette
移液槍槍頭pipette tips
剃刀刀片razorblade
手術刀scalpel
垃圾袋disposablebag
垃圾桶garbagebin
橡皮筋rubber band
托盤Tray
鋁箔aluminiumfoil
洗耳球rubber suction bulb
保鮮膜preservativefilm
研磨缽mortar
研杵pestle
小滴管dropper
蒸餾裝置distillingapparatus
桶bucket
廣口瓶wide-mouth bottle
離心機轉子rotor
試管架test tube holder/rack
酒精燈alcoholburner
酒精噴燈blastalcohol burner
攪拌裝置stirring device
石蠟封口膜Parafilm
微量離心管(EP管)Eppendorf tube
載玻片Slide
蓋玻片Cover glass
離心管Centrifugetube
電泳槽Geltank
電線Electricalleads
牙籤Toothpick
螺絲釘Screw
鎖緊螺母Nut,Cap nut
複印紙Copypaper
複寫紙Carbonpaper
釘Nail
試管刷test-tube brush
計時器Timer
鬧鐘Alarmclock
U形釘Staple
衣服掛鉤Coathanger
電泳用的梳子Comb
扳手Shiftingspanner
訂書機Stapler
訂書釘staple
圓珠筆芯Refill
燈泡Globe
記號筆marker pen
注射器syringe
注射器活塞plunger
鐵架台ironsupport
萬能夾extensionclamp
止水夾flatjawpinchcock
圓形漏斗架cast-ironring
橡膠管rubbertubing
葯匙labspoon
鑷子forceps/tweezers
蜂鳴器buzzer
架子shelf
剪刀scissor
打孔器stopperborer
移液吸管serological pipette
血球計數板hemocytometer
pH試紙 universal ph indicatorpaper
稱量紙weighingpaper
透明膠帶sellotape
篩子sieve
網眼mesh
格子grid
擦鏡紙wiperfor lens
水銀溫度計mercury-filledthermometer
白大褂white gown
真空泵vacuumpump
水浴鍋waterbath kettle
口罩respirator
電極electrode
陽極,正極anode
陰極,負極cathode
實驗操作(manipulation)
丟棄discard
轉移容器decant
吸出aspirate
吹吸blowing and suction
離心收集pellet
重懸resuspend
絮狀沉澱flocculent precipitate
渾濁的turbid
烘bake
滅菌sterilize
均質化homogenize
分裝aliquot
培養foster
通風ventilate
冷卻chill down
稀釋dilute
洗脫elute
孵育incubate
超聲破碎ultrasonication
淬滅quench
裂解物Lysate
沉澱物Sediment
上清Supernatant
小滴droplet
一批batch
色譜chromatograph
沉澱precipitate
接種inoculate
探針probe
蒸餾distil/distill
攪拌Stir/agitate
旋轉swirl/ spin
中和neutralize
校準calibrate
平衡equilibrate
結塊、塊狀沉澱clump
粘稠的viscous
漂洗rinse
脫水dehydrate
發酵fermentation
溶解dissolve
燃燒combustion
水解hydrolysis
過濾filtrate
濃縮condense
催化劑catalyst
研磨grind
破碎crush
催化作用catalysis
分解dissolution
渦旋震蕩Vortex
電泳Electrophoresis
抽濾suctionfiltration
電轉化electro-transformation
收菌harvest
切碎chop/mince
灌注perfusion
漿液slurry
儀器(apparatus)
恆溫循環儀Thermostaticcirculator
空調機Airconditioner
pH計pHmeter
照度計(測量熒光素酶酶活)luminometer
磁力攪拌器magneticstirrer
烘箱oven
微波爐microwaveoven
電磁爐electromagneticoven
凝膠系統Gelsystem
電子天平Electronicbalance
轉接器Adapter
離心機centrifuge
蓋子lid/ cap
封口設備Sealingequipment
複印機Duplicator,copying machine
超凈工作台superclean bench
通風櫥fume cupboard
葯櫃Cupboard
高壓蒸汽滅菌器autoclave
電泳電源Electrophoresispower supply
紫外燈Ultravioletillumination
真空泵Vacuumpump
天平balance/scale
分析天平analytical balance
台秤platform balance
渦旋振蕩器Vortexingmachine
CO2培養箱CO2Incubators
電子顯微鏡ElectroMicroscopy
電泳儀ElectrophoresisSystem
恆流泵constantflow pump
解剖鏡anatomicallens
PCR儀Thermocycler
倒置顯微鏡InvertedMicroscope
核磁共振波譜儀NuclearMagnetic Resonance Spectrometer
光學顯微鏡OpticalMicroscopy
搖床Shaker
培養箱incubator
超濾器UltrahighPurity Filter
超低溫冰箱Ultra-lowTemperature Freezer
超聲破碎儀UltrasonicCell Disruptor
紫外觀察燈UltravioletLamp
紫外-可見光分光光度計UV-VisibleSpectrophotometer
計算器calculator/numerator
化學試劑(reagent)
1.氨基酸
丙氨酸alanine(Ala, A)
纈氨酸valine(Val, V)
亮氨酸leucine(Leu, L)
異亮氨酸isoleucine(Ile,I)
脯氨酸proline(Pro, P)
苯丙氨酸phenylalanine(Phe, F)
色氨酸tryptophan(Trp, W)
蛋氨酸methionine(Met, M)
甘氨酸glycine(Gly, G)
絲氨酸serine(Ser, S)
蘇氨酸threonine(Thr, T)
半胱氨酸cysteine(Cys, C)
酪氨酸tyrosine(Tyr, Y)
天冬氨酸asparagines(Asn, N)
谷氨醯胺glutamine(Gln, Q)
賴氨酸lysine(Lys, K)
精氨酸arginine(Arg, R)
組氨酸histidine(His, H)
天冬氨酸asparticacid (Asp, D)
谷氨酸glutamicacid (Glu, E)
2.核苷酸
腺苷adenosine
鳥嘌呤核苷guanosine
胞苷cytidine
胸腺嘧啶脫氧核苷thymidine
尿嘧啶核苷uridine
脫氧deoxy-
3.其他化學試劑
二甲苯Xylene
冰乙酸Aceticacid glacial
硼酸Boricacid
氯化鈣Calcium chloride
巰基乙醇mercaptoethanol
咪唑Imidazole
鹽酸胍guanidinehydrochloride
無水乙醇absoluteethanol
乙酸鈉Sodiumacetate
氯化鈉Sodiumchloride
生理鹽水physiologicalsaline
洗滌劑detergent
十二烷基磺酸鈉Sodiumdodecyl sulphate
鹽酸hydrochloricacid
氫氧化鈉sodiumhydrate/hydroxide
胰蛋白腖Tryptone
酵母提取物yeastextract
瓊脂Agar
甘油glycerin
內毒素endotoxin
兩性黴素amphotericin
氨苄Ampicillin
肝素heparin
卡那黴素Kanamycin
胰蛋白酶Trypsin
溴化乙錠ethidium bromide
胰島素Insulin
樹脂resin
糖類saccharide
蔗糖Sucrose
醋酸鉀Potassiumacetate
異丙醇Isopropanol
醋酸銨Ammoniumacetate
異戊醇Isoamylalcohol
氯仿Chloroform
甲醇methanol
遺傳黴素geneticin
糖原glycogen
血清serum
高錳酸鉀potassiumhypermanganate
考馬斯亮藍Coomassiebrilliant blue
液氮liquidnitrogen
次氯酸鈉clorox
苯酚phenol
陰離子anion
鹼性alkalinity
實驗室常用英語——化學生物類
來美國學習遇到了一個很鬱悶的事:
走進實驗室跟別人交流非常困難,自己做實驗也是磕磕碰碰。一個很大的原因就是一些實驗儀器或是藥品的名稱不知道怎麼說,以前學英文從來沒有學這些內容。鬱悶之餘,我在網上搜集了一些相關儀器和藥品的中英對照,與大家一起學習分享,希望對學化學生物類的朋友有些幫助。由於藥品種類繁多,各人使用相關也很大,以下僅列儀器部分。
容器類
量杯measuringcup
燒杯beaker
不鏽鋼杯stainless-steelbeaker
量筒measuringflask/measuring cylinder
量筒graduatedflask/measuring cylinder
坩堝crucible
坩堝鉗crucibleclamp
坩堝cruciblepot,meltingpot
試管testtube
試管架testtube holder
漏斗funnel
分液漏斗separatoryfunnel
燒瓶flask
錐形瓶conicalflask
塞子stopper
洗瓶plasticwash bottle
滴定管burette
玻璃活塞stopcock
冷凝器condenser
試劑瓶reagentbottles
玻棒glassrod
攪拌棒stirringrod
蒸餾燒瓶distillingflask
碘量瓶iodineflask
表面皿watchglass
蒸發皿evaporatingdish
容量瓶volumetricflask/measuring flask
移液管(one-mark)pipette
刻度移液管graduatedpipettes
稱量瓶weighingbottle
吸液管pipette
濾管filter
天平balance/scale
分析天平analyticalbalance
台秤platformbalance
游碼crossbeamsand sliding weights
酒精燈alcoholburner
酒精噴燈blastalcohol burner
攪拌裝置stirringdevice
洗耳球rubbersuction bulb
研磨缽mortar
研磨棒pestle
瑪瑙研缽agatemortar
瓷器porcelain
白細口瓶flintglass solution bottle with stopper
滴瓶droppingbottle
小滴管dropper
蒸餾裝置distillingapparatus
蒸發器evaporator
試驗用器材
升降台labjack
鐵架台ironsupport
萬能夾extensionclamp
蝴蝶夾double-buretclamp
雙頂絲clampregular holder
止水夾flatjawpinchcock
圓形漏斗架cast-ironring
移液管架pipetrack
試管架tuberack
沸石boilingstone
橡膠管rubbertubing
葯匙labspoon
鑷子forceps
坩堝鉗crucibletong
剪刀scissor
打孔器stopperborer
石棉網asbestos-freewire gauze
電爐絲wirecoil for heater
脫脂棉absorbentcottonph
ph試紙universal ph indicator paper
濾紙filter paper
稱量紙weighingpaper
擦鏡紙wiperfor lens
秒錶stopwatch
量杯glassgraduates with scale
白滴定管(酸)flintglass burette with glass stopcock
棕色滴定管(酸)brownglass burette with glass stopcock
白滴定管(鹼)flintglass burette for alkali
棕色滴定管(鹼)brownglass burette for alkali
比重瓶specificgravity bottle
水銀溫度計mercury-filledthermometer
pH計pHmeter
折光儀refractometer
真空泵vacuumpump
冷、熱浴bath
離心機centrifuge
口罩respirator
防毒面具respirator、gasmask
磁力攪拌器magneticstirrer
電動攪拌器powerbasic stirrer
烘箱oven
閃點儀flashpoint tester
馬弗爐furnace
電爐heater
微波爐電熱套heatingmantle
Bunsen burner 本生燈
product 化學反應產物
apparatus 設備
pH indicator pH值指示劑,氫離子(濃度的)負指數指示劑
matrass 卵形瓶
litmus 石蕊
litmus paper石蕊試紙
burette滴定管
retort曲頸甑
still蒸餾釜
cupel烤缽
化學反應
analysis 分解
fractionation 分餾
endothermicreaction 吸熱反應
exothermicreaction 放熱反應
precipitation 沉澱
to precipitate 沉澱
to distil,todistill 蒸餾
distillation 蒸餾
to calcine煅燒
to oxidize 氧化
alkalinization鹼化
to oxygenate,tooxidize 脫氧,氧化
to neutralize 中和
to hydrogenate 氫化
to hydrate水合,水化
to dehydrate脫水
fermentation發酵
solution溶解
combustion燃燒
fusion,melting熔解
alkalinity鹼性
isomerism,isomery同分異物現象
hydrolysis水解
electrolysis電解
electrode電極
anode陽極,正極
cathode陰極,負極
catalyst催化劑
catalysis催化作用
oxidization,oxidation氧化
reducer還原劑
dissolution分解
synthesis合成
reversible可逆的
儀器中英文對照
Aging PropertyTester老化性能測定儀;
Amino AcidAnalyzer氨基酸組成分析儀;
Analyzer forClinic Medicine Concentration臨床藥物濃度儀;
AtomicAbsorption Spectroscopy原子吸收光譜儀;
Atomic EmissionSpectrometer原子發射光譜儀;
AtomicFluorescence Spectroscopy原子熒光光譜儀;
AutomaticTitrator自動滴定儀;
Basic Physics基本物理量測定;
BiochemicalAnalyzer生化分析儀;
Biochemicalanalysis生物技術分析;
Bio-reactor生物反應器;
Blood-gasAnalyzer血氣分析儀;
Centrifuge離心機;
ChemiluminescenceApparatus化學發光儀;
CHN Analysis環境成分分析儀;
CO2Incubators CO2培養箱;
CombustionPropertyTester燃燒性能測定儀;
ConductivityMeter電導儀;
ConstantTemperature Circulator恆溫循環泵;
Direct CurrentPlasma Emission Spectrometer直流等離子體發射光譜儀;
DNA SequencersDNA測序儀;
DNA synthesizerDNA合成儀;
ElectricalProperty Tester電性能測定儀;
ElectroMicroscopy電子顯微鏡;
ElectrolyticAnalyzer電解質分析儀;
Electron EnergyDisperse Spectroscopy電子能譜儀;
ElectronParamagnetic Resonance Spectrometer電子順磁共振波譜儀;
Electrophoresis 電泳
ElectrophoresisSystem 電泳儀
ELIASA 酶標儀
Energy DisperseSpectroscopy 能譜儀
Fermenter 發酵罐
Flow Analyticaland Process AnalyticalChemistry流動分析與過程分析
FractionCollector 部分收集器
FreezeDryingEquipment 凍干機
FT-IRSpectrometer 傅里葉變換紅外光譜儀
FT-RamanSpectrometer 傅里葉變換拉曼光譜儀
Gas Analysis 氣體分析
GasChromatograph 氣相色譜儀
GC-MS 氣相色譜-質譜聯用儀
GelPermeationChromatograph凝膠滲透色譜儀
HighPressure/PerformanceLiquid Chromatography 高壓/效液相色譜儀
HybridizationOven 分子雜交儀
ICP-MS ICP-質譜聯用儀
InductiveCoupled Plasma Emission Spectrometer 電感偶合等離子體發射光譜儀
Instrument forNondestructive Testing 無損檢測儀
Instrument forPolymerase Chain Reaction PCR儀
InvertedMicroscope 倒置顯微鏡
IonChromatograph 離子色譜儀
Isotope X-RayFluorescence Spectrometer 同位素X熒光光譜儀
LC-MS 液相色譜-質譜聯用儀
MassSpectrometer 質譜儀
MechanicalProperty Tester 機械性能測定儀
Metal/materialelemental analysis 金屬/材料元素分析儀
MetallurgicalMicroscopy 金相顯微鏡
MicrowaveInductive Plasma Emission Spectrometer 微波等離子體光譜儀
Nuclear MagneticResonance Spectrometer 核磁共振波譜儀
OpticalMicroscopy 光學顯微鏡
Optical PropertyTester光學性能測定儀
Other/Miscellaneous其他
Particle SizeAnalyzer 粒度分析儀
PCR AmplifierPCR儀
Peptidesynthesizer 多肽合成儀
pH Meter pH計
Physical PropertyAnalysis 物性分析
Polaro-graph極譜儀
ProteinSequencer 氨基酸測序儀
Rheo-meter流變儀
Sample Handling 樣品處理
Scanning ProbeMicroscopyFG|8oU掃描探針顯微鏡
Sensors 感測器
Sequencers andSynthesizers for DNA and Protein DNA及蛋白質的測序和合成儀
Shaker 搖床
Size ExclusionChromatograph 體積排阻色譜
Surface Science 表面科學
Surface Analyzer表面分析儀
Thermal Analyzer熱分析儀
Thermal PhysicalProperty Tester 熱物理性能測定儀
Ultrahigh PurityFilter 超濾器
Ultra-lowTemperature Freezer 超低溫冰箱
Ultrasonic CellDisruptor 超聲破碎儀
UltravioletDetector 紫外檢測儀
Ultraviolet Lamp紫外觀察燈
Urine Analyzer 尿液分析儀
UV-VisibleSpectrophotometer 紫外-可見光分光光度計
Viscometer 粘度計
Voltam-merter伏安儀
Water Test Kits 水質分析儀
X-RayFluorescence Spectrometer X射線熒光光譜儀
X-Ray DiffractomerX射線衍射儀
分子生物學實驗室常用儀器物品英文辭彙
口罩respirator
試驗管tube
耐酸橡膠手套rubber gloves
試管架test tube rack
葯匙lab spoon
洗瓶plastic wash bottle
鉗子pliers
玻璃攪棒glass stirring stick
扳子spanne
研缽mortars
螺絲刀screw driver
研棒pestles
多用電源插座multi-purpose socket
冰盒ice box
複印紙copy paper
液氮罐Dewar flask
筆記本note book
記號筆marker pen
培養皿culture dish
夾子clip
皮氏培養皿petri dish
擦鏡紙wiper for lens
培養三角瓶culture flask
標籤紙paper label
接種環inoculating loop
打火機lighter
接種針inoculating needle
溫度計thermometer
過濾滅菌器syringe filters
定時器timer
鑷子forceps
棉線(細繩)cotton rope
剪刀scissors
橡皮圈rubber band
解剖刀片scalpel blade
清潔布rag
解剖刀柄scalpel handle
牛皮紙kraftpaper
酒精燈alcohol burner
塑料筐plastic basker
樣品推車lab cart
塑料桶plastic basin
保溫桶thermos
封口膜parafilmwrap and dispenser
不鏽鋼盤stainless steel tray
塑料膜plastic film
搪瓷盤enamel tray
保鮮膜cling film
鋁箔紙aluminum foil
燒杯beaker
脫脂棉absorbent cotton
三角瓶、燒瓶flask
容量瓶volumetric flask
鐵架台iron support
量筒graduated cylinder
石棉網asbestos board
移液器pipette
玻璃乾燥器glass desiccator
移液管serological pipette
三角漏斗funnel
吸耳球bulb for pipet
布氏漏斗buchnerfunnel
移液管架pipet rack
玻璃漏斗glass funnel
離心管架centrifuge tube rack
酸鹼滴定管Burette
天平balance
安全帽safety helmet
分析天平analytical balance
工作服lab coat
稱量瓶weighting bottle
工作鞋footware
稱量紙weighing paper
隔熱手套heat insulation gloves
比重計hydrometer
體重計body weight scales
酸度計pH meter
pH試紙pH indicator paper
升降台lab jack
電磁攪拌器magnetic stirring
電磁攪棒magnetic stirring bar
勻漿器homo-genixe
搖床shaker
水浴搖床reciprocating shaker bath
渦旋振蕩器vortex mixer
離心機centrifuge
烘箱oven
低溫水浴refrigerating circulator
冰箱refrigerator
超低溫冰箱ultra-low temperature freezer
培養箱incubator
分光光度計spectrophotometer
石英比色杯quartz cuvette
超聲波清洗器ultrasonic cleaner
雜交爐hybridization oven
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