大型揭露現場，BBC瘋狂爆料護膚美妝產品，你踩雷了嗎熱點英語帶你看懂時下最in的新聞熱點

最新 07-10

有道看天下

Word to world：用英語視角帶你看世界

各位小夥伴，每個月花在護膚品和化妝品上的錢有多少呢？

2016年，調查發現97%為女性用戶，「衣服」、「鞋」、「護膚品」三項剛性需求在所有時尚生活消費中佔比最大，網友每年有一半以上的錢，都用來買衣服、鞋與護膚品。

去年年底，京東數據研究院發布了《2017線上奢侈品消費者洞察報告》，《報告》顯示，京東11.11全球好物節期間，網購奢侈品品類中，護膚美妝類的產品是消費者選購較多的品類。

愛美之心，人皆有之。無獨有偶，英國女性每年也花大量的金錢在護膚品和美妝品上，金額高達90億英鎊。

但是，讓無數人趨之若鶩的護膚品和美妝品真的有用嗎？

為什麼我們會為了護膚品和美妝品心甘情願掏錢包呢？

BBC紀錄片《The Truth of Looking Good》（譯名《美容的真相》或《駐顏有術》）簡直就是大型真相揭露現場，把護膚品和化妝品的秘密爆了個遍！下面，就跟小編一起來看一看吧！

紀錄片首先拿大家經常用的保濕面霜開刀，看看保濕面霜是不是真的有用。

實驗的面霜有三款，從平價到高價皆有，小編看了看，其中包括范冰冰推薦過的一款面霜，是最近非常火的產品。

25 volunteers with healthy skin were asked to try out a trio of best-selling creams within three different price brackets over three weeks on one side of their faces. Hydration and skin health were measured (i.e. how robust the skin"s barrier function was to prevent water loss and susceptibility to dryness and irritation). Each cream"s packaging was covered up so the testers couldn』t see what they were using.

實驗要求25名擁有健康肌膚的志願者在三周時間內，嘗試三款價位不同但都十分暢銷的面霜，面霜只塗抹在一側的臉。檢測指標包括保濕和護膚（比如，肌膚屏障防止水分流失和抗乾燥發炎的能力有多強）。每一款面霜的包裝都被移除，受試者不知道他們使用的是哪一款面霜。

結果發現，在保濕方面，兩款價格較低的面霜補水效果比較好。這是因為在這兩款產品的成分中，甘油含量較多。甘油是一種保濕劑，可以鎖住水分。但是，在護膚方面，這些面霜並沒有什麼用，而且長期來說，這些面霜也做不到抗衰老。

所以呢，面霜產品吹噓再多的作用，也就是能在短期補補水，而且價位並不重要，重點是看成分中甘油的含量有多少。

It was worth noting though that it was only conducted on a small number of people. However, it made an worthwhile point regarding the importance of reading your ingredients lists.

值得注意的是，這個實驗僅在少數人身上進行。但是，實驗還是提出了很有價值的一點——閱讀面霜的成分表非常重要。

既然面霜無法抗衰老，那有產品能夠去皺抗衰老，讓人優雅地老去嗎？

According to dermatologist, Professor Chris Griffiths, around three quarters of lines and wrinkles are caused by sun damage.

皮膚專家克里斯·格里菲斯教授指出，約四分之三的皺紋是由紫外線損害引起的。

Referred to as the 『tent pegs』 of the skin, fibrillin provides support to the epidermis. When sunlight damages it, it leads to sagging and wrinkles. Although we need a small amount of sun exposure for the body to produce sufficient levels of vitamin D, if we want to protect skin, a daily sunscreen containing a high SPF to counteract UVB rays (which can cause burning) and a 4 or 5 star UVA rating to protect against ageing was recommended to be worn all year round - even in winter.

原纖蛋白是皮膚的「帳篷樁」，支撐著表皮。陽光破壞原纖蛋白就會導致皮膚鬆弛和皺紋。雖然我們需要少量陽光供人體產生足夠的維他命D，但是若是想保護皮膚的話，則需要全年塗抹防晒霜，哪怕是在冬天也要塗。防晒霜的SPF含量要高，這樣才能抵擋短波紫外線的傷害；防晒霜的防晒指標要達4-5星才能抗衰老。

Over-the-counter retinol products could offer an effective alternative to needles when it comes to addressing wrinkles. Speaking to Cherry, consultant dermatologist Dr Anjali Mahto referenced a study conducted by the Amway Corporation and the University of Michigan where the use of 0.1% retinol by participants over a four week period led to an improvement in fine lines, wrinkles and pigmentation too.

非處方維生素A產品可以替代打針達到同樣的去皺效果。諮詢皮膚科專家安加利·馬赫托跟Cherry提到了安利和密歇根大學進行的一項研究，研究顯示，四周內使用含量0.1%的維生素A產品可以淡化細紋、去皺和淡斑。

護膚講完了，主持人Cherry又將目光投向了化妝品——我們能在化妝品上少花冤枉錢嗎？

首先，依舊是不同化妝品實驗。實驗是現在非常流行的平價和貴婦化妝品之間的較量，涉及的產品包括粉底液、唇釉、眼影和睫毛膏。在粉底液和唇釉上，平價產品勝出；在眼影和睫毛膏上，貴婦產品則更勝一籌。

美妝記者兼作家Sali給出的建議是：

「If you want a big bang for your buck, then I do think with things like eyeshadow and lipstick, you"re going to fare better with more expensive things. But if you want quite a sheer colour like for a lip gloss, blusher or a bronzer, you"re perfectly fine to get something cheaper because you"re just looking for a hint of colour.」

「如果你想買性價比高的話，我建議你入手眼影和口紅之類的產品，越貴越能買到好的。但是如果你只是想要單一顏色的產品，比如唇釉、曬紅或修容，我建議你入手平價產品，因為你只是需要一點點顏色而已。」

除了性價比，如果想少花冤枉錢，我們還要了解一點——產品的廣告可信度有多少呢？這可是商家的小秘密。業內人士說的話可謂是打破了人們的美好幻想：

For instance, 『clinically proven』 doesn"t necessarily mean that a product will meet expectations. Cosmetic chemist Colin Sanders commented for instance, that if a product claims to reduce wrinkles by 10 per cent, it might not actually be noticeable without a magnifying glass.

比如，「臨床驗證」並不意味著一個產品就可以達到消費者的預期效果。化妝品專家科林·桑德斯說，如果一個產品聲稱可以減少10%的皺紋，那實際上只有在放大鏡下才能看到效果。

『Active ingredients』 was another buzz term to watch out for too, due to the absence of regulation regarding the level testing required to use it, as was 『Dermatologically tested.』 Colin cautioned that in theory, you would only really need to test the product out on one person for a product to qualify as that.

「活性成分」是另外一個要小心的熱詞，因為在關於使用它的測試上，並沒有明確的規定。「真人皮膚測試」也是需要注意的詞。科林說，理論上，只要是在一個人身上測試過就夠了。

除了產品吹噓的作用，購買產品時，人們還十分注重包裝等外在因素。而這也是商家的小秘密——銷售策略。

A cleanser called 『Face』 was sold in two different types of packaging and by two different looking sales assistants.

一款叫「Face」的洗面奶，分為兩種不同包裝銷售，且銷售員的穿著打扮也不同。

The first, a no-frills option by a sales assistant in casual clothing, enticed three out of 18 customers over a two hour period.The second with fancy packaging and sold by the same sales assistant having been given a lab coat and glamorous makeover, made the product twice more likely to be bought.

第一款包裝沒有裝飾，銷售員穿著休閑服裝，在兩個小時里，18位顧客中只有3位樂意買單。第二款精心包裝，銷售員不變，但是身披白大褂，還精心打扮一番，銷量則多了兩倍。

This difference in outwards appearance had instantly made it a status product and given it an aura of credibility.

包裝和銷售員變了個身就讓這款洗面奶晉陞為高級產品，增加了可信度。

However, the more intriguing aspect arose from the results of a questionnaire that had created for the customers to complete. Designed to see how the product made them feel about themselves, it aimed to measure their self-esteem at the point of purchase.

但是，由這些顧客填寫的調查問卷則揭露了更有趣的一面。這份調查問卷是專門為了看看產品是如何讓顧客感知自我而設計的，旨在衡量購買時顧客的自尊高低。

Interestingly, it was higher for the cheap product compared to the fancier looking alternative. Dr Yousaf, who led the experiment, explained that when we observe a luxury product, it causes our self-esteem to drop, so we compensate for that by buying it. The concept"s called self-discrepancy theory, and goes some way to explain why brands spend so much on packaging.

有趣的是，面對平價產品，顧客自尊心更高，而高價產品則讓顧客自尊心下降。實驗帶頭人尤薩夫博士解釋道，當我們看到奢侈品的時候，自尊心會降低，我們通過購買奢侈品彌補降低的自尊心。這是因為自我差異理論，這也解釋了為何品牌會在包裝上大費周章。