松獅犬 FCI國際純種犬標準

寵物 07-17

註：該標準中文版翻譯自FCI國際純種犬標準英文版，已發佈於CKU官網-犬種百科

27.01.2011 /EN

FCI-國際純種犬標準第 205 號

CHOW CHOW

松獅犬

本圖片不一定代表此犬種的理想類型

ORIGIN:China

起源：中國

DATE OF PUBLICATION OF THE OFFICIAL VALID STANDARD:13.10.2010.

正式生效標準發布日期：2010年10月13日

UTILIZATION:Guard dog, companion

用途：護衛犬，伴侶犬。

FCI-CLASSIFICATION:

Group 5 Spitz and primitive type.

Section 5 Asian Spitz and relatedbreeds.

Without working trial.

FCI分組：

第5組：尖嘴犬和原始犬組

第5類：亞洲尖嘴犬及相關犬種

無需工作犬測試。

BRIEF HISTORICAL SUMMARY:

The ancestry of the Chow isattributed to China where he was kept as a guard dog, and also usedfor hunting. The Chow has been known in China for upwards of2,000 years and is related to Spitz dogs of the Nordic type, alsocontaining something of the mastiff. Because of China』s 『closeddoor』 policy to the rest of the world Chows did not begin to appear inother countries until around 1800. He made his way to Englandsometime during the late eighteenth century and was not reallynoticed in Britain until the 1920s, with a number being shown atCrufts in 1925.

歷史沿革：

松獅犬的祖先源於中國，用作護衛犬、狩獵犬。兩千多年來，松獅犬一直為中國人所熟知，此犬與北方尖嘴犬存在血緣關係，並具備獒犬的某些特徵。由於當時中國實行「閉關鎖國」政策，使得松獅犬直到1800年左右才在其他國家出現。18世紀末，松獅犬引入英格蘭，不過直到20世紀20年代才被英國人真正注意到，1925年，數只松獅犬參展Crufts犬展。

GENERAL APPEARANCE:

Active, compact, short-coupled andessentially well balanced, leonine in appearance, proud, dignifiedbearing; well knit frame; tail carried well over back. Should alwaysbe able to move freely and must not have so much coat as toimpede activity or cause distress in hot weather. A bluish-blacktongue is characteristic.

整體外貌：

活躍、緊湊、接合短、勻稱，有和諧、高傲、威嚴的獅子般的外表；骨骼結合緊密；尾巴高舉於背。動態自如，被毛不可太厚以免影響行動或導致犬只在炎熱天氣變得焦躁。藍黑色舌頭是該犬種的典型特徵。

IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS:The distance from withers toelbow is equal to the distance from elbow to ground.

重要比例：肩隆至肘的距離等於肘到地面的距離。

BEHAVIOUR/TEMPERAMENT:Quiet dog, good guard.Independent, loyal, yet aloof.

行為/秉性：安靜，有著良好的護衛能力。獨立、忠誠但冷漠。

HEAD:頭部

CRANIAL REGION:顱部區域

Skull:Flat, broad.

頭骨：平，寬。

Stop：Not pronounced.

頭骨：不突出。

FACIAL REGION:面部區域

Nose:Large and wide in all cases, black (with exception of creamand near white, in which case a lighter coloured nose is permissible,and in blues and fawns a self-coloured nose (but black preferablein all cases).

鼻：大、寬、純黑色（奶油色和近似白色的淺色鼻、藍色和淺黃褐色的單色鼻也可（但任何情況都以純黑色最佳）。

Muzzle:Moderate in length, broad from eyes to end (not pointed atend like a fox). Well filled out under the eyes.

口吻：長度中等，與眼部連接處寬，向鼻尖漸細（這種漸細不是指和狐狸一樣尖）。眼睛下方飽滿。

Lips:A solid black mouth including the roof and flews, with abluish black tongue is ideal. However, some dilution may beevident in the gums of blues and fawns and this dilution may bemore pronounced in creams and whites.

唇：包括上齶和腮皮均為純黑色，舌頭呈藍黑色，此種情況為最佳。但牙齦處顏色明顯變淺，為藍色和淺黃褐色，奶油色和白色更為明顯。

Jaws/Teeth:Teeth strong and level, jaws strong, with a perfect,regular and complete scissor bite, i.e. the upper teeth closelyoverlapping the lower teeth and set square to the jaws.

頜/齒：牙齒強健、整齊，頜部強壯有力，有著完美、規則而完整的剪狀咬合，即上牙緊扣下牙，呈方形。

Eyes:Dark, oval shaped, medium sized and clean. A matchingcoloured eye permissible in blues and fawns. Clean eye, free fromentropion, never being penalised for sake of mere size.

眼睛：顏色深、橢圓形，中等大小，乾淨。眼睛匹配顏色為藍色和淺黃褐色亦可。不存在下瞼內翻的情況，眼睛大小不影響評判。

Ears:Small, thick, slightly rounded at tip, carried stiffly and wideapart but tilting well forward over eyes and slightly towards eachother, giving peculiar characteristic scowling expression of the breed.Scowl never to be achieved by loose wrinkled skin of head.

耳朵：小、厚、尖端稍圓、硬挺、兩耳間距大，前傾於眼部之上且略微彼此相對，這一特徵使得松獅犬呈現悶悶不樂的獨特面部表情。頭部皮膚鬆弛、褶皺多的情況絕不會形成此種表情。

NECK:Strong, full, not short, set well on shoulders and slightlyarched. Of sufficient length to carry the head proudly above thetopline.

頸部：強壯、豐滿、非短脖子，穩紮於肩部之上，略呈拱形。長度適中，承接整個頭部昂然於背線之上。

BODY:軀幹

Back：Short, level and strong.

背：短、平、強壯。

Loin:Powerful.

腰：強壯有力。

Chest:Broad and deep. Ribs well sprung, but not barrelled.

胸：寬且深。肋骨擴張度良好，非桶狀。

TAIL:Set high, carried well over back.

尾：位置高，舉於背部之上。

LIMBS:四肢

FOREQUARTERS:前軀

Shoulders:Muscular and sloping.

肩：肌肉發達，傾斜

Elbows: Equidistant between withers and ground.

肘：肩隆與地面間等距。

Forearm: Perfectly straight, with good bone.

前臂：筆直、骨量足。

Forefeet: Small, round, cat-like, standing well up on toes.

前足：小、圓且豐滿，如同貓爪，腳趾著力，站姿穩。

LIMBS:四肢

HINDQUARTERS: 後軀

General appearance:In profile the foot is directly under the hipjoint.

整體外觀：側面觀察，足部正好位於臀關節之下。

Upper Thighs:Well developed.

大腿：肌肉發達。

Stifle (Knee): Only slight bend.

膝蓋：略彎曲。

Lower thigh: Well developed.

小腿：肌肉發達。

Metatarsus (rear pastern):Hocks well let down. From hocksdownwards to appear straight, never flexing forward.

跖骨：跗關節自然向下。自跗關節向下呈直線，絕不可向前彎曲。

Hind feet: Small, round, cat-like, standing well up on toes.

後足：小、圓且豐滿，如同貓爪，腳趾著力，站姿穩。

GAIT/MOVEMENT:

Relatively short striding, hind feet notlifted high, appearing to skim the ground, resulting in pendulumlike action when seen in profile. Its distinctive short-striding gaitallows it to move freely, never lumbering and with excellentendurance. Forelegs and hindlegs moving parallel to each other and

straight forward. Dogs should always be able to move freely andsoundly without any sign of distress.

步態/動態：

步幅相對較小，移動時後腳不會高高上提，看起來像是掠過地面，因而從側面看似鐘擺搖擺。與眾不同的小步幅讓松獅犬步態自如，耐力久，不會顯得笨拙遲緩。前後肢相互平行，直線移動。犬只應經常保持步態自如、穩健。

COAT:被毛

Hair:Either rough or smooth.

Rough: Profuse, abundant, dense, straight and stand-off but notexcessive in length. Outer coat coarse, with soft woolly undercoat.Especially thick round neck forming mane or ruff and with goodculottes or breechings on back of thighs.

Smooth: Coat short, dense, straight, upstanding, not flat, plush-like intexture.

Any artificial shortening of the coat which alters the natural outlineor expression should be penalised, with the exception of feet whichmay be tidied.

毛質：粗毛或平毛。

粗毛：毛量豐富、繁盛、濃密、直且外展但長度不宜過長。外毛在結構上非常粗糙，底毛柔軟似羊毛。頸毛特別長、密形成圍繞頭頸的明顯的圍毛，大腿後部留有似裙褲的飾毛。

平毛：毛短、多、密、直，外展，毛質如長絨毛。人為地將犬只被毛變短會改變犬只自然輪廓或外觀，此類行為是不允許的，修整足部被毛除外。

Colour:Whole coloured black, red, blue, fawn, cream or white,frequently shaded but not in patches or parti-coloured (underpart oftail and back of thighs frequently of a lighter colour).

毛色: 單一的黑、紅、藍、淺黃褐色、奶油或白色，經常有毛色的漸變但不准許出現明顯的色彩分塊（尾巴下部和大腿背部顏色通常更淺)。

SIZE:尺寸

Height at the withers:

Males: 48 - 56 cms.

Females: 46 - 51 cms.

肩高：

公犬：48-56 厘米

母犬：46-51 厘米

FAULTS:缺陷

Any departure from the foregoing points should beconsidered a fault and the seriousness with which the fault should beregarded should be in exact proportion to its degree and its effectupon the health and welfare of the dog.

任何與上述各點的背離均視為缺陷，其缺陷嚴重性嚴格地與其缺陷的程度及對犬只的健康和福利造成的影響成正例。

DISQUALIFYING FAULTS:失格缺陷

Aggressive or overly shy.

Any dog clearly showing physical or behavioural abnormalities shall be disqualified.

有攻擊性或過於羞怯。

任何身體和行為有明顯異常的犬都為失格。

N.B.：

Male animals should have two apparently normal testicles fullydescended into the scrotum.

Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with breed typicalconformation, should be used for breeding.

注：

公犬具備兩個明顯正常且完全置於陰囊的睾丸

只有身體機能以及臨床表現健康的，具備典型犬種結構的犬只，才可用於繁殖。