01、被動語態構成表

英語中有兩種語態：主動語態和被動語態。

主動語態表示主語是謂語動作的執行者，被動語態表示主語是謂語動作的承受者。

看主語與謂語之間是被動關係還是主動關係，確定使用主動語態還是被動語態。

常見的被動語態構成如下(以動詞do為例)：

02、考點點撥

英語中有些動詞不表示動作，而是表示某種狀態或情況，通常不用於被動語態，如cost, fit, last, own, fail等。

在主動語態中，hear, see, notice等感官動詞和make, have, let等使役動詞後跟不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語，但在轉換為被動語態時，該不定式前要加to。

某些感官動詞加形容詞可表被動意義，如：feel, look, smell, sound, taste等。

某些不及物動詞後加副詞，也可表被動意義，如：lock, open, read, sell, cut等。

含短語動詞的被動語態，短語中的介詞或副詞不能丟掉。

把直接賓語改為被動語態的主語時，間接賓語前要加介詞to / for。

不及物動詞和不及物動詞短語不能用於被動語態，如：appear, die, fall, happen, come out, take place等。

03、經典習題

1.—Wow, your silk dress looks so beautiful! How much is it?

—Well, it ______ me $50.

A. cost

B. was cost

C. spent

D. was spent

2.—Sandy was made ______ by some boys.

— Oh, sorry to hear that.

A. cry

B. to cry

C. cried

D. to crying

3.—These oranges look ugly, but they ______ very sweet.

— If so, I』d like to buy some.

A. tasted

B. were tasted

C. taste

D. are tasted

4.—Don』t you like the car? It ______ so well.

—I like it a lot, but I just can』t afford it.

A. sells

B. is sold

C. sold

D. was sold

5.As is known to all, the 2022 Winter Olympics ______ in China.

A. took place

B. will take place

C. were taken place

D. will be taken place

參考答案：ABCAB

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