被動語態不難學,掌握這些就夠了!(一)
01、被動語態構成表
英語中有兩種語態:主動語態和被動語態。
主動語態表示主語是謂語動作的執行者,被動語態表示主語是謂語動作的承受者。
看主語與謂語之間是被動關係還是主動關係,確定使用主動語態還是被動語態。
常見的被動語態構成如下(以動詞do為例):
02、考點點撥
英語中有些動詞不表示動作,而是表示某種狀態或情況,通常不用於被動語態,如cost, fit, last, own, fail等。
在主動語態中,hear, see, notice等感官動詞和make, have, let等使役動詞後跟不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語,但在轉換為被動語態時,該不定式前要加to。
某些感官動詞加形容詞可表被動意義,如:feel, look, smell, sound, taste等。
某些不及物動詞後加副詞,也可表被動意義,如:lock, open, read, sell, cut等。
含短語動詞的被動語態,短語中的介詞或副詞不能丟掉。
把直接賓語改為被動語態的主語時,間接賓語前要加介詞to / for。
不及物動詞和不及物動詞短語不能用於被動語態,如:appear, die, fall, happen, come out, take place等。
03、經典習題
1.—Wow, your silk dress looks so beautiful! How much is it?
—Well, it ______ me $50.
A. cost
B. was cost
C. spent
D. was spent
2.—Sandy was made ______ by some boys.
— Oh, sorry to hear that.
A. cry
B. to cry
C. cried
D. to crying
3.—These oranges look ugly, but they ______ very sweet.
— If so, I』d like to buy some.
A. tasted
B. were tasted
C. taste
D. are tasted
4.—Don』t you like the car? It ______ so well.
—I like it a lot, but I just can』t afford it.
A. sells
B. is sold
C. sold
D. was sold
5.As is known to all, the 2022 Winter Olympics ______ in China.
A. took place
B. will take place
C. were taken place
D. will be taken place
參考答案:ABCAB