巾幗不讓鬚眉——中國的太空探索之路需要女航天員！

中國女性在航天領域扮演了越來越重要的角色。與男性航天員相比，女性航天員在生理和心理方面都有她們的獨特優勢。

一提到中國的女航天員，很多人最先想到的就是劉洋和王亞平。

（航天員劉洋；圖 via VCG）

（航天員王亞平；圖 via VCG）

女航天員的訓練標準與男性航天員一樣嗎？

比起男性航天員，女性航天員的身體素質和心理素質方面，有什麼特點？

Global Times 帶你走近中國女航天員的世界。

（圖 via Global Times）

Chinese women are playing a more significant role in the country』s aerospace programs, working as astronauts, helping develop aeromedicine and Mars exploration, according to an expert.

中國女性在航天領域扮演了越來越重要的角色，作為航天員，她們可以幫助航空醫學以及火星探測事業進一步發展。

Two women, Liu Yang and Wang Yaping,are members of the seventh team of Chinese astronauts.They were selected from a group of married female transport plane pilots, and are among China』sfirst 10 astronauts who have been in space.

劉洋和王亞平就是最好的例證。她們是中國第七批宇航員中的兩位女性，也是中國至今飛上太空的10名宇航員中的兩位女性。她們是從已婚的運輸機飛行員中挑選出來的佼佼者。

（航天員劉洋凱旋。圖 via 龐之浩）

Both Liu and Wang worked in space as mission specialists andwere shown tohave excellent physical and psychological attributers, Pang Zhihao, national chief science communication expert of space exploration technology, told the Global Times on Thursday.

全國空間探測技術首席科學傳播專家龐之浩告訴環球時報英文版的記者，兩人都曾經作為任務專家登上太空，並且在完成任務的過程中展現出了出色的身體和心理素質。

Pang saidfemale astronauts have unique advantages in both psychology and physiology. They are moreemotionally stableand more capable ofenduring loneliness. Pang also maintains that women have better work efficiency as they are more considerate and havebetter superior communication skills than men.

龐之浩專家說，女性航天員在生理和心理方面都有她們的獨特優勢。她們的心理狀態更穩定，也更能忍受孤獨，而且女性的善解人意和較強的溝通技巧可以提高工作效率。

Wang Yaping, who is also a deputy of the National People』s Congress, said working on China』s soon-to-be-launched space station requires special training to carry out extravehicular activities and learning how to use the station』s robotic arms, Voice of Straits Broadcasting Station reported.

身為全國人大代表的王亞平在接受海峽之聲的專訪時說，即將建設的中國空間站任務比之前的載人航天任務要求更高更嚴，包括要熟練機械臂操作出艙活動等訓練項目。

Wang』s mission in 2013 was onboard the Tiangong-1 space lab module with five other astronauts. She delivered China"s first televised science lecture to an audience of more than 60 million schoolchildren and teachers in China.

王亞平曾經在2013年和另外五位航天員一起乘神舟-10飛船上天，並與天宮-1對接。在太空實驗室里，王老師為中國六千多萬師生上了一堂特殊的科學課，中國航天史上首次太空電視播放課程。

「I hope to give another lesson from China』s space station,」 she said.

王亞平說：「如果有機會的話，我當然希望能夠在空間站裡面，再上一堂太空課。」

（中國第一個太空教師王亞平在太空授課。圖 via 龐之浩）

Women havelower iron content and produce less wastethan men, making themless likely tocontract diseases such as thrombus, which makes them more adaptable to long-term space flight, Pang said.

女性在太空中體內鐵的含量和產生的廢物較低，所以不易出現血栓等疾病，這也使得女性航天員更加適合長期載人航天任務。

Pang noted thata mission to Mars would be a long journey and female astronauts are suitable for long-term space explorations.

據此，龐之浩專家說，將來中國的載人火星探測任務一定離不開女性航天員，原因的話請考慮一下地球與火星之間那麼長的距離。

Training and selection standards for people wanting to become astronauts arebasically the same for men and women, Pang said.

其實，航天員的訓練和選拔並沒有特殊照顧女性，男女的標準基本是一樣的。

Liu Yang, China』s first female astronaut, who flew into space in June 2012 aboard Shenzhou 9, completed 15 aeromedicine experiments including collecting harmful gas inside the capsule.

劉洋是中國第一位上太空的女性航天員，她在2012年6月乘神舟9號成功上天，並且完成了15項航天醫學實驗，包括收集艙內的有害氣體。

（女航天員劉洋在天宮1號模擬艙內訓練艙內檢查實驗設備（秦憲安攝）圖 via 龐之浩）

Wang』s lecture, from China』s space lab in June 2013, centered on experiments that can utilize zero gravity. The 40-minute-lecture ignited space dreams among millions of Chinese students, the Xinhua News Agency reported in March 2018.

王亞平2013年的太空講座的主要內容是如何利用零重力條件開展實驗。40分鐘的講解激發了數以百萬計年輕學生的太空夢想。

Wang and Liu continue to receive training for future space missions. Pang predicts that the duo will take the spotlight on China』s first space station that will be completed around 2022.

這兩位女性航天員現在還在繼續接受訓練，龐之浩專家預測她們會在於2022年建成的中國太空站中大展身手。

In the US, two NASA astronauts willconduct the first all-women spacewalk on March 29, according to a female flight controller who tweeted the announcement on March 1.

全世界的女性航天員都在努力。一名女性飛行管制員3月1日在twitter上公開消息，稱美國國家航空航天局（NASA）的兩位女航天員即將於3月29日進行太空行走。

The China Manned Space Engineering Office announced Monday that the core module of the country"s space station, the payload on the Long March-5B carrier rocket will be sent to the launch site later this year, to make preparations for the space station missions, according to Xinhua.

中國載人航天工程辦公室周一發布消息稱，我國空間站飛行任務即將拉開序幕。空間站核心艙、長征五號B運載火箭和首飛載荷將在今年下半年先後運往航天發射場，為空間站任務做準備。

你對女性航天員有什麼了解？歡迎留言討論！

文字：Ji Yuqiao ；Deng Xiaoci

圖片：Pang Zhihao; Qin Xian"an；VCG；網路

整合：Wang Han

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