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醒醒吧,那些增加你男性魅力的東西都殺精!

在動物界,雄性動物努力展現自己的性魅力通常是為了吸引雌性,提高繁衍後代的幾率。

那麼,人類男性呢?

科學家們發現,男性服用的用來增強體質的類固醇、或用來捍衛髮際線的抗脫髮藥物,都會損害生育能力。

首先描述這種「男性為了讓自己更有性吸引力,結果降低了自己的生育能力」的現象的是詹姆斯·莫斯曼博士(James Mossman)和艾倫·佩西教授(Allan Pacey),被稱為「莫斯曼-佩西悖論」(Mossman-Pacey paradox)。

現就職於美國布朗大學的詹姆斯·莫斯曼博士,在謝菲爾德大學攻讀博士學位時,發現了類固醇濫用問題和男性生育力的關係。

"I noticed some men coming in to have their fertility tested and these guys were huge," says Dr James Mossman, now at Brown University in the United States.

「我注意到一些來做生育能力測試的男性,他們體格碩大,」現就職於美國布朗大學的詹姆斯·莫斯曼博士說道。

He told the BBC: "They are trying to look really big, to look like the pinnacles of evolution.

他在接受BBC採訪時表示:「他們試圖使自己看起來非常強壯,看起來像處於進化的巔峰。

"But they are making themselves very unfit in an evolutionary sense, because without exception they had no sperm in their ejaculation at all."

「但從進化的角度來看,他們正讓自己變得非常不合格,因為毫無例外,他們根本沒有精子。」

Fertility paradox in male beauty quest (via BBC)

男性體內的雄激素睾酮能促進肌肉生長,合成代謝類固醇是模仿睾酮在體內的作用,因此能增強肌肉生長。健美運動員經常使用它們。

然而,由於類固醇模仿得太成功了,以至於腦垂體覺得「體內的雄激素太多了」,於是停止分泌促進精子產生的激素,結果是,不生產精子了。

Anabolic steroids fool the brain"s pituitary gland into thinking the testes are going into overdrive.

合成代謝類固醇會欺騙大腦的腦垂體,讓它以為睾丸正進入超運行狀態。

So the glands react by shutting down the production of two hormones - called FSH and LH - which are the key hormones that drive the production of sperm.

因此,腺體的反應是關閉兩種激素的生產——卵泡生成激素(FSH)和黃體生成激素(LH)——這是驅動精子生產的關鍵激素。

The researchers say there is a similar theme in men using medication to prevent male pattern baldness.

研究人員表示,男性使用藥物來預防男性型禿髮也有類似的情況。

The drug finasteride changes the way testosterone is metabolised in the body and can limit hair loss, but side effects can include erectile dysfunction and a hit to fertility.

非那雄胺能改變體內睾丸激素的代謝方式,並能限制脫髮,但副作用可能包括勃起功能障礙和生育能力下降。

Prof Allan Pacey, from the University of Sheffield, told the BBC: "I would say more anabolic steroid users are likely to become sterile than you would think - 90% probably.

謝菲爾德大學的艾倫·佩西教授在接受BBC採訪時表示:「我想說的是,使用合成代謝類固醇的人變得不育的可能性比你想像的要高,可能是90%。

Fertility paradox in male beauty quest (via BBC)

衡量進化成功與否的標準,是將基因(DNA中的指令)傳遞給下一代。

Dr Mossman said taking these vanity-based medications might make you more attractive but could turn you into "an evolutionary dud".

但莫斯曼博士說,服用這些以虛榮心為基礎的藥物可能會讓你更有吸引力,但也可能會讓你變得進化無能。

It is not the equivalent of the extravagant peacock"s tail, which makes males more attractive to females and increases the chances of passing genes on to the next generation.

它並不等同於漂亮的孔雀尾巴,孔雀尾巴使雄性對雌性更具吸引力,並增加了基因傳遞給下一代的機會。

There are some examples in the natural world where an animal sacrifices their ability to breed.

在自然界中有一些例子,動物犧牲了它們的繁殖能力。

Some bird species perform co-operative breeding in which individuals forego having their own offspring to help raise the descendants of close relatives.

一些鳥類進行合作繁殖,個體放棄自己的後代來幫助撫養近親的後代。

But even this can make sense in evolutionary terms as half of your genes are shared with siblings so they are still being passed on, just indirectly.

但從進化的角度來看,這也是有道理的,因為你有一半的基因是與兄弟姐妹共享的,所以它們仍然被間接地傳遞。

Dr Mossman suspects "thinking you"re more appealing to the opposite sex, but killing your fertility" is probably unique to humans.

莫斯曼博士懷疑這可能是人類獨有的境遇:以為自己對異性更有吸引力了,沒想到卻扼殺了自己的生育能力。

Fertility paradox in male beauty quest (via BBC)

看起來精神了,沒想到傷精了……對這您怎麼看?歡迎留言分享你的觀點!

整合:Du Qiongfang

原文:BBC

圖/題圖:BBC, Getty Images

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