警惕！特朗普剛剛放寬了對轉基因農產品的審批流程！

Trump simplifies reviews of genetically modified farm products

特朗普簡化了對轉基因農產品的審批流程

來源：路透社 翻譯：世界播

U.S. President Donald Trump signed an executive order on Tuesday directing federal agencies to streamline the review process for agricultural biotechnology including genetically modified livestock and seeds.

美國總統特朗普周二簽署了一項行政命令，要求聯邦機構放寬對包括轉基因牲畜和種子在內的農業生物技術產品的審批流程。

Trump signed the order during a visit to an ethanol plant in Council Bluffs, Iowa.

特朗普在視察愛荷華州康瑟爾布拉夫斯的一家乙醇廠時簽署了這項命令。

The executive order, he said, would 「speed up reviews of biotechnology so that farmers can get access to critical scientific advances faster and reap the full benefits of American innovation for many years into the future.」

他表示，這項行政命令將「加快對生物技術產品的審批，使農民能夠更快地獲得關鍵性的科學進展，並在未來多年裡充分受益於美國的創新。」

The White House said in a statement the order 「will help eliminate delays, reduce developer costs and provide greater certainty about the review process for farmers.」

白宮在一份聲明中表示，該命令「將有助於縮短（審批）延誤，降低廠家成本，並為農民提供更大的審批流程中的確定性。」

The Biotechnology Innovation Organization, an industry group that represents companies such as Bayer AG, said the order was an 「important step forward to ensure government policy does not hinder 21st-century biotechnology from addressing the many global challenges.」

代表拜耳等公司的行業組織生物技術創新組織表示，這項命令是「向前邁出的重要一步，以確保政府的政策不會在21世紀生物技術應對許多全球性挑戰方面加以阻礙。」

「America is on the threshold of entering a new era of sustainable agriculture and food production, and it』s important we get this right for farmers, consumers, U.S. companies, and the world as a whole,」 said Jim Greenwood, chief executive of the organization.

該組織首席執行官吉姆?格林伍德指出：「美國即將進入一個可持續農業和糧食生產的新時代，我們必須讓農民、消費者、美國公司以及整個世界都正確認識到這一點。」

The order directs the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the Food and Drug Administration and the Environmental Protection Agency to work together on 「common sense regulations and to develop awareness and education programs to gain acceptance of new technologies by consumers and global trading partners,」 the National Pork Producers Council said.

美國豬肉生產者委員會則表示，該命令要求美國農業部、美國食品藥品監督管理局和美國環境保護署開展合作，共同制定「常識法規，開發意識和教育項目，促使消費者和全球貿易夥伴接受新技術」。

The United States is falling behind countries such as Canada, Brazil and China that have established regulatory frameworks conducive to investment in the development of gene editing, said David Herring, president of the pork council and a hog farmer from Lillington, North Carolina.

來自北卡羅來納州利靈頓的豬肉委員會主席、養豬戶戴維?赫林稱，美國正在落後於加拿大、巴西和中國等國家，這些國家已經建立了有利於投資於基因編輯開發的監管框架。

「Today』s executive order paves the way for common sense regulation to keep America first in agriculture so that we remain the global leader in an economic sector that has offset the U.S. trade imbalance for decades,」 Herring said.

赫林指出：「今天的行政命令為常識監管鋪平了道路，使美國在農業領域保持領先地位，從而使我們在一個幾十年來抵消了美國貿易不平衡的經濟領域保持全球領先地位。」

Unlike traditional genetically modified organisms, in which a gene is added from another organism, gene editing works like the find-and-replace function on a word processor. It finds a gene and then makes changes by amending or deleting it.

與傳統的轉基因生物不同，基因編輯就像文字處理器上的查找和替換功能。通過找到一個目標基因，實現對特定基因片段的修改或敲除來進行改變。

Scientists can edit genomes more precisely and rapidly than ever before, and altered agricultural products could get to market more quickly and cheaply.

科學家們可以比以往任何時候更精確、更迅速地編輯基因組，經過改造的農產品可以更快並以更便宜地價格進入市場。

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