浙大校長登Nature介紹浙江大學：如何建設世界一流的創新型大學

新年的氣息越來越濃。在2017年1月19日出版的Nature中，浙江大學吳朝暉校長以訪談形式向全世界Nature讀者介紹浙江大學。據悉，Nature還將在隨後的雜誌中刊載浙江大學七大學部學術成果專題。

吳朝暉校長訪談

Nature雜誌中文翻譯

浙江大學坐落於中國歷史文化名城、世界風景旅遊勝地杭州，是中國歷史最悠久、綜合實力最強的大學之一，曾被英國著名學者李約瑟譽為「東方劍橋」。作為一名生物化學家和科學史學家，李約瑟一直致力於研究和編撰中國科學技術史，他的評價具有很強的說服力。

浙江大學秉持「求是創新」校訓，致力於傳播與創造知識，保護與傳承文化，服務與引領社會，推動國家繁榮、社會進步和人類發展。學校培養了大批著名科學家、文化大師以及各行各業的精英翹楚。在《泰晤士報高等教育專刊》2016世界大學聲譽排行榜中，浙江大學進入世界百強。值此120周年校慶之際，浙江大學校長吳朝暉就如何加快建設世界一流的綜合型、研究型、創新型大學闡述了規劃。

問 ：您能否簡要介紹浙江大學的歷史沿革？

浙江大學的前身求是書院創辦於1897年，是中國人自己創辦最早的現代高等學校之一。學校於1928年更名為國立浙江大學，隨後在抗戰烽火中崛起，在國家建設中奉獻，在並校融合中跨越，在爭創一流中奮進。1998年，由原浙江大學、杭州大學、浙江農業大學、浙江醫科大學合并組建新浙江大學，翻開了創建世界一流大學的新篇章。如今，浙江大學正朝著世界一流大學的建設目標大步邁進。

問 ：浙江大學如何通過「三步走」實現建設世界一流大學的目標？

浙江大學確立了建設世界一流大學的「三步走」目標，即第一步到2020年，進入世界一流大學行列；第二步到2035年，穩居世界一流大學行列；第三步到2050年，位居世界一流大學前列。為順利實現這個目標，學校制定了「六高強校」戰略，即培育時代高才、構建學科高峰、打造科研高地、匯聚名師高人、積累文化高度、探索改革高招。同時學校通過實施綜合改革，進一步構建完善「五大體系」，即人才培養體系、學術創新體系、人才隊伍體系、學校治理體系、支撐保障體系。學校將堅持以改革為動力，以開放為特色，積極融入全球教育和創新網路，以創新為導向，全力服務國家戰略、區域需求和全球挑戰。

問 ：浙江大學如何培養具有國際視野的高素質創新人才和未來領導者？

浙江大學計劃通過整合培養、協同育人的方式構建完善一流人才培養體系。一是樹立全人教育的培養目標，推進知識傳授、能力培養、人格塑造的有機結合；二是創新全員育人的培養模式，推動通識教育、專業教育、交叉培養、思政教育的深度融合；三是構建全過程的教育生態圈，加強第一課堂、第二課堂、第三課堂和第四課堂的協同培養；四是打造全方位多元化的教學新體驗，深化課堂教育、慕課教育、移動學習和網路平台的創新互動。

未來領導者必須是具有國際視野的高素質創新人才。浙江大學發揮了多學科多專業優勢，強化複合型跨界創新人才培養。近年來，浙江大學的學生在國際大學生程序設計競賽、數學建模競賽、機器人世界盃足球賽等重大國際賽事上屢次奪得桂冠，浙大畢業生創業率、在校創業團隊融資額等位居全國高校前茅。

問 ：浙江大學如何建設世界一流的創新型大學？

為了將浙江大學建設成世界一流的「綜合型、研究型、創新型」大學，我們堅持創新人才培養和引領高等教育改革創新。創新驅動發展需要推進高水平科研成果轉化以服務支撐國家經濟發展和服務全球挑戰的重大需求。我們也正著力改革創新學校治理架構，營造激勵創新的文化氛圍，構建完善接軌世界、開放式的國際合作模式。

我為我們的研究創新感到自豪。在學術創新方面，浙江大學近年來發展態勢強勁，SCI論文及引用、授權發明專利、獲得國家科技獎勵、技術輸出合同規模等主要科研指標保持全國高校領先地位，在高端控制系統、盾構設計製造、能源清潔利用、傳染病防治、文化遺產保護等領域取得了諸多具有重大影響的成果。目前，浙江大學有18個學科進入ESI排名前1%，其中，7個學科進入世界前100位，4個學科進入世界前50位。

問 ：您如何描述浙江大學的國際化發展戰略？

為應對全球化的未來挑戰，浙江大學將致力於打造開放式、國際化的一流大學。學校正加快國際化戰略布局，推進與世界頂尖大學和學術機構的合作交流。到目前為止，浙江大學已經與全球140多所高校建立了合作交流關係，包括一些頂尖的大學，如普林斯頓大學和倫敦帝國理工學院。2016年，師生出國出境交流達8000餘人次，在校留學生超過6000名。學校積極推進與世界一流大學的戰略合作，已經成立了浙大-愛丁堡大學聯合學院、浙大-伊利諾伊大學香檳分校聯合學院。

建設開放式的一流大學，我們就需要構建開放的創新生態系統，促進校內外的創新創業資源匯聚融合；推動開環的教育教學理念，創建開放式、國際化的學習機會和平台；建立開放共享的大學知識和文化源頭。

Nature雜誌英文內容

Zhejiang University (ZJU) is located in Hangzhou, a culture-steeped city which ranks as China』s top tourist attraction. One of China』s oldest and most prestigious comprehensive universities, the famous British scholar Joseph Needham once referred to ZJU as 「the Cambridge of the East」. As a biochemist and scientific historian who spent decades researching, writing and editing a monumental history of scientific development in China, Needham was well qualified to comment.

In line with the university motto 「Seeking truth and pursuing innovation」, ZJU is committed to promoting national prosperity, social progress and human development through innovation and dissemination of knowledge. It has turned out many scientific, cultural, industrial and administrative leaders.The 2016 Times Higher Education World Reputation ranking puts ZJU among world』s top 100 universities. Marking the 120-year anniversary of the university, ZJU president, Wu Zhaohui, talks about his plan to accelerate the university』s development into a world-class, comprehensive, innovative research centre.

Q : What is the brief history of ZJU?

ZJU has its origins in the Qiushi Academy in 1897, one of China』s first modern higher education institutions. Since our official establishment as the National Zhejiang University in 1928, we』ve experienced several relocations and reorganizations as Chinese society underwent huge upheaval. The university grew up in war time and contributed to the development of the nation. In 1998, through a merger with Hangzhou University, Zhejiang Agricultural University and Zhejiang Medical University, a new chapter of development began for us. The new ZJU is now making great strides towards becoming a world-class university.

Q : What are the steps towards the goal?

We have set up a three-step plan to be consistently listed among the top in world university rankings. To achieve this, our strategies are to cultivate high-quality people, build academic strength, pursue research excellence, attract high-calibre scholars, observe cultural traditions and explore reform approaches. We are implementing comprehensive reform to improve our systems of talent training, academic innovation, faculty team-building, school administration and support. We will keep the momentum of the reform, be open to integration into global education and innovation network, retain an innovation-driven strategy and stay true to the mission of serving regional, national and global needs.

Q : How does ZJU cultivate innovators?

We have a coordinated approach to improve talent training. The goal of our holistic education is to closely integrate knowledge transmission, skill training and personality moulding. We are reinventing an educational model that incorporates general and specialized education, interdisciplinary training, as well as ideological and political teaching. We also try to streamline classroom education, open online courses, mobile learning and internet platforms to diversify students』 classroom experience.

Future leaders need to be high-quality innovators with an international perspective. We have leveraged our multidisciplinary strength and entrepreneurial spirit to train interdisciplinary, creative talents. Our achievements are demonstrated by prizes won by ZJU students in international contests, such as a mathematical contest in modelling, an international collegiate programming contest and RoboCups. Entrepreneurial success of ZJU graduates and the amount of funding secured by ZJU start-ups are also outstanding among Chinese universities.

Q : How do you drive innovation at ZJU?

To build an innovative comprehensive research university with a world-class status, we are cultivating students with innovative spirits and leading an educational revolution. Innovation-driven development also means promoting high-quality research and knowledge transfer to support the national economy and meet global challenges. Additionally, innovation of management processes is needed. We are reinventing our organizational structure to create a culture that encourages innovation. We want to build an open system that supports international collaboration.

I』m proud of our research innovations. We are leading domestic universities in numbers of SCI publications and citations, patents for invention, national science and technology awards, as well as contracts for technology transfers. Our researchers have achieved significant results, such as the development of high-end control systems, design and manufacturing of tunnel?boring machines, clean energy solutions, prevention of infectious diseases and cultural heritage protection. Currently, we have 18 areas of study ranked in the global top 1% in the Essential Science Indicator of which seven are ranked in the top 100 and four are in the top 50 worldwide.

Q : What are your internationalization strategies?

As globalization increases, opening up is integral to our goal of building a world-class university. We are accelerating our internationalization plan by forging partnerships with world-class academic institutions overseas. So far, we have established collaborations with more than 140 universities around the world, including a number of top-notch universities, like Princeton University and Imperial College London. We have sent out more than 8,000 teachers and students for exchange and received more than 6,000 overseas students as of 2016. We have also built first-rate joint institutes with the University of Edinburgh and the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign.

Our plan to open up also means creating an ecosystem for innovation and entrepreneurship by integrating resources across and outside campus. In education, we are embracing the 『open loop university』 concept, providing open-access learning opportunities and building an internationalized platform. We also strive to promote sharing of knowledge and culture.

中國生物技術網誠邀生物領域科學家在我們的平台上，發表和介紹國內外原創的科研成果。

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