Sci Immunol：基因預測幫助鑒定流感疫苗接種效果

最近，來自耶魯大學的研究者們發現了一系列與接種流感疫苗之後機體產生的反應有關的基因。這一發現能夠幫助預測個體的流感疫苗接種效果。相關結果發表在最近一期的《Science Immunology》雜誌上。

疫苗是目前抵抗流感病毒感染最好的方法，然而疫苗的效果對於不同的個體而言差異較大。為了尋找基因在機體抗疫苗免疫反應中的作用，來自耶魯大學的研究者們分析了500名接受了流感疫苗的志願者的血液樣本。

通過對數據進行分析，作者發現了一些基因"標誌"，或者說一群基因，與機體產生較強的抗流感疫苗免疫反應具有明顯的相關性。其主要表現形式是機體產生更多的抗流感病毒的抗體。

"我們找到的這些基因能夠在接種前預測機體能否產生較強的免疫反應"，該文章的作者，來自耶魯大學醫學院的副教授Ruth Montgomery說道。

研究者們同時發現雖然這些記憶能夠對35歲以下的人接種疫苗後的免疫反應強度起到較好的預測，但對於超過60歲的人群來說則沒有相似的效果。"我們的另外一個發現是這種基因預測的方法在老年人群體中並不適用"。

這些發現對於疫苗反應的生物學機制提供了新的見解，同時還能夠幫助研究者們對不同個體抗疫苗免疫反應的強度進行準確預測，從而幫助個體化疫苗接種方案的建立。

Multicohort analysis reveals baseline transcriptional predictors of influenza vaccination responses

Abstract

Annual influenza vaccinations are currently recommended for all individuals 6 months and older. Antibodies induced by vaccination are an important mechanism of protection against infection. Despite the overall public health success of influenza vaccination, many individuals fail to induce a substantial antibody response. Systems-level immune profiling studies have discerned associations between transcriptional and cell subset signatures with the success of antibody responses. However, existing signatures have relied on small cohorts and have not been validated in large independent studies. We leveraged multiple influenza vaccination cohorts spanning distinct geographical locations and seasons from the Human Immunology Project Consortium (HIPC) and the Center for Human Immunology (CHI) to identify baseline (i.e., before vaccination) predictive transcriptional signatures of influenza vaccination responses. Our multicohort analysis of HIPC data identified nine genes (RAB24, GRB2, DPP3, ACTB, MVP, DPP7, ARPC4, PLEKHB2, and ARRB1) and three gene modules that were significantly associated with the magnitude of the antibody response, and these associations were validated in the independent CHI cohort. These signatures were specific to young individuals, suggesting that distinct mechanisms underlie the lower vaccine response in older individuals. We found an inverse correlation between the effect size of signatures in young and older individuals. Although the presence of an inflammatory gene signature, for example, was associated with better antibody responses in young individuals, it was associated with worse responses in older individuals. These results point to the prospect of predicting antibody responses before vaccination and provide insights into the biological mechanisms underlying successful vaccination responses.

本文來源：生物谷

本期編輯：南柯子

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